262 LABORATORY MANUAL FOR VERTEBRATE ANATOMY 



Cat: The coeliac artery passes toward the stomach and very soon divides, 

 at about the same level, into three branches. The most cranial one is the hepatic, 

 the next one, the left gastric, and most caudal and largest is the splenic. Trace 

 the splenic artery. It courses in the great omentum toward the spleen and forks. 

 One branch goes to the left end of the spleen and sends also branches into the 

 pancreas and the short gastric arteries to the stomach. The other branch passes 

 to the right end of the spleen and supplies also branches to the pancreas, the 

 omentum, and the left gastro-epiploic arteries to the greater curvature. The 

 left gastric or coronary artery passes to the lesser curvature where it splits into 

 many branches, supplying both sides of the stomach. The hepatic artery passes 

 along the border of the left end of the pancreas and to the dorsal side of the lesser 

 curvature and enters the hepatoduodenal ligament. It is best found by separat- 

 ing the stomach and liver. It lies to the left side of the hepatic portal vein. As 

 it passes the pylorus it gives off the large gastroduodenal branch. This branches 

 into the anterior pancreatico-duodenal artery descending along the beginning of 

 the duodenum and supplying also the pancreas; the right gastro-epiploic passing 

 from the pylorus along the greater curvature of the stomach to the left; and the 

 small pyloric artery to the pyloric region (this may also arise independently from 

 the hepatic). The hepatic artery proceeds into the liver sending a cystic artery 

 to the gall bladder. 



The superior mesenteric artery supplies the greater part of the intestine. It 

 passes toward the intestine. Follow it, cleaning away fat and lymph glands from 

 its surface. It first gives rise to the middle colic artery which passes to the trans- 

 verse and descending parts of the colon. A little farther on the superior mesen- 

 teric gives rise simultaneously to the posterior pancreatico-duodenal artery which 

 ascends along the duodenum, supplying it and the pancreas and anastomosing 

 with the anterior pancreatico-duodenal; and to the ileocolic artery to the caecum 

 and terminal portion of the ileum and sending also a right colic branch to the 

 ascending colon (this last may arise independently from the superior mesenteric). 

 The superior mesenteric then divides into numerous intestinal branches to the 

 small intestine. 



Draw the branches of the coeliac and superior mesenteric. 



Return now to the dorsal aorta. Its next branches are the paired adreno- 

 lumbar and renal arteries. In the rabbit the adrenolumbars are branches of 

 the renals, but in the cat they arise independently. They pass close to the 

 adrenal gland to which they give an adrenal branch and then course along the 

 dorsal body wall. In the cat each sends a phrenic artery anteriorly to the dia- 

 phragm. The renal arteries are large vessels passing into the kidneys. The 

 aorta posterior to the kidneys gives rise to the paired arteries to the gonads (these 

 may, however, branch from the renals) . They are the internal spermatic arteries 

 in the case of the male and run posteriorly on the dorsal wall to the scrotum. 

 In the female the corresponding ovarian arteries are larger, and in the cat con- 



