302 ZOOTOMY. 



The gullet (ces) is cut through and the stomach somewhat displaced 

 backwards to show the ramifications of the coeliac artery (ca'.a) : the 

 duodenum (Jit) is spread out to the right of the subject to show the 

 pancreas (pn) : the branches of the bile-duct (c.b.d), portal vein (p.v), 

 and hepatic artery (h.a), are supposed to be traced a short distance into 

 the various lobes of the liver. 



a.m. a, anterior mcsenteric artery : cau, caudate lobe of liver, with 

 its artery, vein, and bile-duct : c.b.d, common bile-duct : cd.sl, cardiac 

 portion of stomach : c.il.a, common iliac artery: cce.a, cceliac artery : 

 ty.a, cystic artery : cy.d, cystic duct : d.ao, dorsal aorta : du, proximal, 

 and dit', distal, limbs of duodenum : dit.a, duodenal artery : du.k.a 

 (in A), duodeno-hepatic artery : g.a, gastric artery and vein : g.b, gall 

 bladder : h.a, hepatic artery : h.d, left bile-duct : l.c, left central lobe of 

 liver, with its artery, vein, and bile-duct : l.g.v, lieno -gastric vein : 

 /./, left lateral lobe of liver, with its artery, vein, and bile-duct: ms, 

 branch of mesenteric artery and vein to duodenum : ms.r, mesorectum : 

 m.v, chief mesenteric vein : as, oesophagus -.p.m. a, posterior mesenteric 

 artery: p.m.v, posterior mesenteric vein : pn, pancreas pn.d, pan- 

 creatic duct : p.v, portal vein : py.st, pyloric portion of stomach : ret, 

 rectum : r.c, right central lobe of liver, with its artery, vein, and bile- 

 duct : j/.if, Spigelian lobe of liver, with its artery, vein, and bile- 

 duct : spl, spleen : sp.a, splenic artery. 



opening into the ascending or distal limb of the duodenal 

 loop, an inch or so beyond its junction with the descending 

 or proximal limb ; the duct will be seen to branch out into 

 a number of fine tubes which pass to the lobules of the 

 gland. 



196. The right kidney, situated about an inch farther 



forward than the left kidney, and having its anterior portion 



partly covered by the caudate lobe of the liver ; the right 



adrenal is in contact with its inner border, immediately 



anterior to the right renal artery and vein, and the right 



ureter passes from its inner edge backwards to the pelvis. 



XX. Turn the intestines into their natural position 



again ; tie a double ligature round the gullet close 



to the diaphragm and cut it between the ligatures ; 



draw the stomach backwards, turn forward the 



lobes of the liver, and dissect out the following 



structures (see Fig. 60) : 



