SKULL 



107 



this is characteristic for the Anura (except Ranodon) as compared 

 with the Urodela. (For the relations of the bones bounding the 

 mouth-ca\dty, cf. Figs. 77, A and B). 1 



,'l'r.anthy. 



fom.ttrmS. 



B 



^~ Pr. ant. 



Corn, 



Fia. 79. A. HYOBRANOHIAL .SKELETON OF A LARVAL Kana ttmporaria, 29 MM. 

 IN LENGTH, FROM THE DORSAL SIDE. B. THE SAME OF A LARVA, 15 MM. IN 

 LENGTH, AT THE END OF METAMORPHOSIS, AFTER DISAPPEARANCE OF THE 

 TAIL. C. HVOID CARTILAGE OF A YOUNG FROG, 2 CM. IN LENGTH, FROM 

 THE VENTRAL SIDE. 



(All these figures are from wax models after (Jaupp. ) 



A and B (in part), Brunch I IV, branchial arches ; Com. term. I ///, terminal 

 commissures of same; Cop, basal plate (copula); Hy, hyoid ; Pr.aut.hy, 

 Pr.lat.hy, Pr.jiont.hy, anterior, lateral, and posterior processes of the hyoid ; 

 S-pic. I IV, cartilaginous processes. 



B (in part) and C. Corp.cart.hy, body of hyoid cartilage; Corn princ, anterior 

 cornu ; Alan, " manubrium " ; Pr.al, alary process; Pr.ant, anterior pro- 

 cess; Pr.poxt .lat , post ero- lateral process; Pr.thyr.post.med, thyroid or 

 postero-medial process (posterior cornu.) 



The bones of the lower jaw are a dentary and an angular (or 

 angulosplenial). At the distal end of Meckel's cartilage a small 



1 A septomaxillary, helj>ing to close the nasal fenestra on the outer side, is 

 present, as in Urodeles (p. 98), 



