The History of Ichthyology 419 



setts" 1853-67). Dr. John Edwards Holbrook (1794-1871), 

 of Charleston, published (1855-60) his invaluable record of 

 the fishes of South Carolina, the promise of still more impor- 

 tant work, which was prevented by the outbreak of the Civil 

 War in the United States. The monograph on Lake Superior 

 (1850) and other publications of Louis Agassiz (1807-73) 

 have been already noticed. One of the first of Agassiz's stu- 

 dents was Charles Girard (1822-95), who came with him 

 from Switzerland, and, in association with Spencer Fullerton 

 Baird (1823-87), described the fishes from the United States 

 Pacific Railway Surveys (1858) and the United States and 

 Mexican Boundary Surveys (1859). Professor Baird, pri- 

 marily an ornithologist, became occupied with executive mat- 

 ters, leaving Girard to finish these studies of the fishes. A 

 large part of the work on fishes published by the United States 

 National Museum and the United States Fish Commission has 

 been made possible through the direct help and inspiration of 

 Professor Baird. Among those engaged in this work, James 

 William Milner (1841-80), Marshall Macdonald (1836-95), and 

 Hugh M. Smith may be noted. 



Most eminent, however, among the students and assistants 

 of Professor Baird was his successor, George Brown Goode 

 (1851-99), one of the most accomplished of American natu- 

 ralists, whose greatest work, "Oceanic Ichthyology," pub- 

 lished in collaboration with his long associate, Dr. Tarleton 

 Hoffman Bean, was barely finished at the time of his death. 

 The work of Theodore Nicholas Gill and Edward Drinker Cope 

 has been already noticed. 



Other faunal writers of more or less prominence were William 

 Dandridge Peck (1763-1822) in New Hampshire, George Suck- 

 ley (1830-69) in Oregon, James William Milner (1841-80) in 

 the Great Lake Region, Samuel Stehman Haldeman (1812- 

 80) in Pennsylvania, William O. Ayres (1817-91) in Connecti- 

 cut and California; Dr. John G. Cooper (died 1902), Dr. Wil- 

 liam P. Gibbons and Dr. William N. Lockington (died 1902) 

 in California; Philo Romayne Hoy (1816-93) studied the fishes 

 of Wisconsin, Charles Conrad Abbott those of New Jersey, 

 Silas Stearns (1859-88) those of Florida, Stephen Alfred Forbes 

 and Edward W. Nelson those of Illinois, Oliver Perry Hay, 



