12 ANIMAL ECOLOGY 



things treats only of the life of the individual : 

 but there is a higher division of science still, which 

 considers living beings as aggregates which deals 

 with the relation of living beings one to another 

 the science which observes men whose experiments 

 are made by nations one upon another, in battlefields 

 whose general propositions are embodied in history, 

 morality, and religion whose deductions lead to 

 our happiness or our misery and whose verifica- 

 tions so often come too late, and serve only 

 ' To point a moral, or adorn a tale ' 



I mean the science of Society or Sociology." 



At a later date (1876. On the Study of Biology) 

 Huxley says : "For whatever view we may entertain 

 about the nature of man, one thing is perfectly 

 certain, that he is a living creature. Hence, if 

 our definition is to be interpreted strictly, we must 

 include man and all his ways and works under the 

 head of Biology ; in which case, we should find that 

 psychology, politics, and political economy would 

 be absorbed into the province of Biology. In 

 strict logic no one can object to this course. . . . The 

 real fact is that we biologists are a self-sacrificing 

 people ... [so that] we feel that we have more than 

 sufficient territory. . . . But I should like you to re- 

 collect that that is a sacrifice, and that you should not 

 be surprised if it occasionally happens that you 

 see a biologist apparently trespassing in the region 

 of philosophy or politics; or meddling with human 

 education ; because, after all, that is a part of his 

 kingdom which he has only voluntarily forsaken." 



