PERCIFORMES 



445 



Catopr, Blk. S. E. Asia. Poly- 



A 



ot , 



Lobotes, Cuv. ; Atlantic, Mediterranean, Indp-Pacific. Datnioides, 

 Blk. ; E. Indian Ocean and rivers. 



Family NANDIDAE. With a vi'i-y protractile mouth, very slender 

 maxilla, and no endopterygoid. 



Nandtts, C. and V. ; Kadis, Blk. ; 

 centropsu, Blgr. ; W. Africa. Mono- 

 cirrus, Hekl. ; Polycentrus, M. and T. 

 S. America. 



Family GERRIDAE. With a very 

 protractile mouth, toothless palate, 

 premaxilla with an upward process, 

 and lower pharyngeals more or less 

 coalesced. 



Equula, Cuv. ; Ga::~M, Hupp. ; 

 Gerres, Cuv. tropical seas. 



Family PRISTIPOMATIDAE. With 

 toothless palate, small teeth, and 

 undivided dorsal. 



Pristipoma, Cuv. ; Haemulmi,C\\v. ; 

 Diafframma, Cuv. ; Pentapus, Cuv. 

 tropical seas. 



Family TRICHODONTIUAE. Scale- 

 less marine fish, with very upturned 

 mouth, toothless palate, divided dorsal 

 and elongated anal. 



Trichodon, Cuv. ; Ardoscopus, J. 

 and E. N. Pacific. 



Family LACTARIIDAE. With 

 toothed palate, small deciduous cycloid 

 scales, and short spinous dorsal fin. 

 The scapula has two foramina. 



Ladarius, C. and V. ; S. Asiatic 

 coast. 



Family LATKIDIDAE. With small 

 scales, villiform teeth, and the pelvic 

 fins relatively far back. i'seiui<>-<irti* ,ini.,-i<-i<tus, c. and v., from 



T . -n- i L i- T -VT s])i'c-ii(iens in tlie British Museum. A, upper. 



Latns, Rich.; Australia and .New and B, lower pharyngeals. , ith cerato- 



401. 



Zealand. 



Family HAPLODACTYLIDAE. With 

 the pelvic fins relatively far from the 



branchial ; n.<; alveolar cavity in which 

 teeth develop ; h, right pharyiigobranchial ; 

 <>.t, ol<l teeth lixedaud worn down ; p, grind- 

 ing plate : y.t, young teeth succeeding th& 

 old teeth. Succession is from before back- 



pectorals : a large soft portion of the wards above, and from behind forwards 



below. 



dorsal. 



Haplodactylus, C. and V. ; Chironemus, Cuv. 

 Pacific and southern seas. 



Chilodactylu*, Lac.- 



SUB-TRIBE D. (PHARYNGOGNATHI). The palate is toothless, but the 

 pharyngeals strongly toothed, and the lower pharyngeals are firmly 

 united (Fig. 461). The body is usually somewhat deepened, and the 

 dorsal fin remains continuous. 



1. With a single nostril on each side. 



