I8OPODS OF NORTH AMERICA. 



269 



LIMNORIA LIGNORUM (Rathke). 



Ci/mothoa lignorum RATHKE, Skrivt. af Natur. Selsk., V, 1799, p. 101, pi. in, 

 fig. 14. 



Limnoria tenebrans LEACH, Edinb. Encycl., VII, 1813, p. 433 (Am. ed., p. 273); 

 Trans. Linn. Spc. London, XI, 1815, p. 37; Diet. Sci. Nat, XII, 1818, p. 

 353. DESMAREST, Consid. Gn. Crust, 1825, p. 312. LATREILLE, Regne 

 Anim., IV, 1829 ; p. 135. EDWARDS, Annot. de Lamarck, V, 1838, p. 276; 

 Hist. Nat. Crust, III, 1840, p. 145. GOULD, Invert. Mass., 1841, pp. 338, 

 354. EDWARDS, Regne Anim. Crust., 1849, p. 197, pi. LXVII, fig. 5. 



Limnoria lignorum WHITE, Pop. Hist. Brit. Crust., 1857, p. 227, pi. xii, fig. 5. 

 BATE, Report Brit Asso'c., 1861, p. 225. 



Limnoria undnata HELLER, Verh. k. k. Zool. Bot, Ges. Wien, XVI, 1866, p. 734. 



Limnoria lignorum BATE and WESTWOOD, British Sessile-eyed Crust., II, 1868, 

 p. 351. NORMAN, Report British Assoc., 1869, p. 288. 



Limnoria tenebrans VERRILL, Proc. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci., 1874, p. 367. 



Limnoria calif ornica HEWSTON, Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., V, 1874, p. 24 (nomen 

 nudum ) . 



Limnoria lignorum VERRILL, Am. Jour. Sci., VII, 1874, pp. 133-135; Proc. Am. 

 Assoc., 1874, p. 371. HARGER with VERRILL, Report U. S. Commissioner of 

 Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 1, 1873, p. 379 (85), p. 571 (277), pi. vi, fig. 25. 

 STEBBING, Trans. Devon. Assoc., 1874, p. 8; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), XVII, 

 1876, p. 79. HARGER, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 161. SMITH, Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., II, 1879, p. 232, fig. 2. HARGER, Report U. S. Commissioner 

 of Fish and Fisheries, Pt. 6, 1880, pp. 373-376 (See Harger for synonymy). 

 RICHARDSON, Proc. U. S. Nat Mus., XXI, 1899, pp. 821-822; Ann. Mag. Nat. 

 Hist (7), IV, 1899, pp. 161-162. SARS, Crust, of Norway, II, 1899, pp. 76-77, 

 pi. xxxi. RICHARDSON, American Naturalist, XXXIV, 1900, p. 222; Proc. 

 U. S. Nat. Mus., XXIII, 1901, p. 532. 



Localities. From Florida to Halifax and Gulf of St. Lawrence; 

 Pacific Ocean; San Diego, California; also coast of Great Britain; 

 Kielerbucht, Germany; North Sea; Adriatic 

 Sea; coast of Norway; Bering Island; Woods 

 Hole, Massachusetts. 



This species is destructive to wood and sub- 

 merged timber, boring holes which causes its 



Body oblong-ovate, twice as long as wide, li 

 mm. : 3 mm. 



Head wider than long, about twice as wide, 

 with the anterior margin slightly excavate. 

 Eyes small, distinct, and situated at the sides of 

 the head. The first pair of antenna have the first 

 two articles subequal; the third is a little longer 

 than the second; the fourth or first flagellar arti- 

 cle is half as long as the third; the fifth or second 

 flagellar article is minute. The first antennae extend to the end of the 

 fourth article of the second pair of antenna 1 . The second pair of 

 antennae have the first article large; the second is not as long as the 

 first; the third and fourth are subequal and each is about as long a*s the 



FIG. 279. LIMNORIA LIGNO- 

 RUM (AFTER HARGER). 



