CONTENTS xiii 



CHAPTER XIV 



THE FAUNA OF EASTERN SOUTH AMERICA 



PAGE 



South American monkeys, their distribution and geological history 

 Sloths Thehirds of South America On fossil mammals and 

 Old World affinities The theory of an ancient land connection 

 between South America and Africa Evidence derived from 

 the distribution of reptiles, amphibians, fishes, mollusks and 

 fresh- water crabs Dr. von Ihering's researches Fernando de 

 Noronha and St. Helena The fauna of St. Helena and its 

 antiquity Tristan da Cunha 363-394 



CHAPTER XV 



ARGENTINA AND CHILE 



The fauna of Argentina Prof. Ameghino's discoveries of fossils 

 and their importance Fossil edentates and rodents Faunistic 

 affinities The llama and its origin Fossil elephants Ancient 

 land connections between South and North America Fossil 

 plants Floral affinities The circum-Pacific land belt- 

 Antarctic problems On the Antarctic continent Affinities 

 of the faunas of Patagonia and New Zealand On a Pacific 

 continent The marine fauna of Patagonia The Falkland 

 islands Antarctic expeditions The pendulation theory 395-435 



