INDEX 



481 



378 ; southern continental land con- 

 nections, 420, 423 

 GILL and BRANSFOED, fishes of 



Nicaragua, 240 

 GILMORE, Pleistocene deposits in 



Alaska, 79, 80 

 GIRARD, moths common to Canada and 



Europe, 22 



Glacial Epoch, survival of life in 

 Greenland during, 18 25; elevation 

 of land in, 14, 42, 98 ; cause of, 15, 

 99, 318 ; mild climate in northern 

 latitudes, 19, 24, 4346, 81, 154 

 157 ; effects of, on animals and 

 plants, 37 45 ; survival of species 

 in drift area, 36, 40, 41, 52 ; in 

 Newfoundland, 41, 55 ; in Nova 

 Scotia, 56 ; not caused by diminu- 

 tion of temperature, 76, 156 ; in 

 Alaska, 7679, 81 ; in Siberia, 81, 

 82 ; its influence on fauna and flora, 

 175 ; inter-glacial epochs, 45 



Glandina, fossil in Florida, 171 ; in 

 Europe, 271, 272 



Glaresis, 215 



GlctMConia, dulcis, 203 ; humilis, 203 



Glauconiidae, 203 



Glutton in Labrador, 27 



Glyptodontia, 399 



Glyptotherium, 153 



Gnathocerus maxillosus, 215 



Goat-antelopes, 106 



Goat, Rocky Mountain, 104106 



GODMAN and SALVIN, researches on the 

 fauna and flora of Central America, 

 246 ; Central American insects, 258 



Ganatodes, 304 



GOODRICH, on Ceratodidae, 379 



Gophers, distribution of, 60 



Gough island (see Diego Alvarez). 



GOULD, Pacific continent, 321 



GRABAU, geological history of Great 

 Lakes, 54, 55 



Grandala, 188 



GRANDIDIER, on Brady therium, 366 



GRANGER, on Eocene horses, 147 



GRANT, varieties of reindeer, 3 ; nor- 

 thern land-connections, 25 ; range 

 of moose, 32 ; Rocky Mountain goat, 

 105 



Gravigrada, 244, 399 

 L.A. 



GRAY, affinities of flora of Asia and 

 America, 92, 139 ; Rocky Mountain 

 flora, 103 ; North and South Ameri- 

 can plants, 415 



GREENE, flora of Californian islands, 

 210, 329 



Greenland, flora and fauna, 3 22 ; 

 land-connections, 12, 13, 30 ; sur- 

 vival of species in Pleistocene times, 

 18 21 ; former climate, 19 ; affini- 

 ties with Labrador, 42 



GREENMAN (see ROBINSON). 



GREGORY, elevation of Florida, 170 ; 

 junction of Atlantic and Pacific, 

 239, 241, 242 ; land - connection 

 between North and South America, 

 264 ; abysmal deposits in Barbados 

 and Cuba, 277 ; on fossil sea- 

 urchins, 278 ; on fossil corals, 278 



GRENFELL, description of Labrador, 27 



GROTE, noctuids common to Europe 

 and North America, 22 ; effect of 

 Glacial Epoch on range of butter- 

 flies, 38, 39 



Ground-dove, in Bermuda, 188 



Gryllus bermudensis, 189 



Grypotherium listai, 400 



Guadalupe, flora of, 417 



Guatemala, flora of, 247 



Guestieria, 348 



Guiana, as centre of dispersal, 362 



"Gulf Plains," 144 



Gulf Stream, course in Tertiary times, 

 185, 186 



GULICK, Bermudan fossil mollusca, 193 



Gulo luscus, 27, 61 



GDNTHER, Central American fishes, 

 240 ; reptilian fauna of Galapagos, 

 303 ; land isopod from Galapagos, 

 309 ; distribution of fishes, 378 ; 

 fauna of Ascension, 386 



GUPPY, H. B., on Pacific continent, 

 324 326 ; mangrove formation, 333 



GUPPY, R. J. L., mid-Atlantic land- 

 bridge, 278 



Gymnocephalus calvus, 362 



HAACKE, Polar origin of life, 23, 428 

 HACKEL, affinities of North and South 

 American floras, 415, 417 

 I I 



