44 



THE TEMNOCEPHALOIDEA 



Annelid ; and later, Philippi placed it amongst the Leeches. 

 Thanks to the investigation of Max Weber and Haswell, we 



FIG. I. Temnocephaloidea. (After Haswell, and Figs. 6, 7 after Weber.) 



1. Temnocephala minor, Hasw., from the surface of Astaeopsis; ventral view, a, mouth ; 



b, genital pore ; c, sucker ; d, tentacular prolongations of the body. 



2. Craspedella spenceri, Hasw., from the branchial chamber of Astaeopsis. e, eyes, resting 

 upon the brain ; /, excretory pore and contractile sac ; g, the three fringed lamellae on the 

 dorsal surface, behind which are four conical papillae ; c, dorsal edge of the sucker. 



3. Actinodactylella blanchardi, Hasw., from the surface of Engaeus fossor. a, mouth; 5, 

 pharynx ; c, intestine ; d, follicular vitellaria, arranged along the sides of the intestine ; e, the 

 left testis, deeply bilobed ; /, lateral, tentacular prolongations of the body ; g, dorsal edge of 

 the sucker. 



4. Actinodactylella, ventral view of the anterior end. or, most anterior tentacular pro- 

 longations of the body ; b, peculiar proboscis everted through the mouth and which exists in 

 addition to the pharynx, in which it lies when withdrawn into the body ; c, preoral sucker. 



5. A small portion of a section through the body Avail of Temnocephala. a, nucleus of 

 epidermal syncytium, which is vertically striated like the epidermal cells of Turbcllaria, and 

 here and there traversed by the necks of subepidermal gland cells. The artist has made these 

 too regular, so as to look like cell boundaries ; b, cuticle raised up into low papillae, some of 

 which bear tufts of sensory hairs (e), to which is seen going what appears to be a nerve fibre 

 (on the left of the figure) ; c, basement membrane ; d, circular muscles. 



6. Plan of the alimentary and excretory systems in T. semperi, M. Weber, as seen from 

 the dorsal surface, a, mouth leading into a small pharyngeal sac ; b, pharynx ; c, intestine ; 

 d, excretory pore ; e, contractile bladder, formed of a single perforated cell ; /, chief excretory 

 vessels ; g, the vessels entering the tentacle. The outline of the sucker is indicated by dotted 

 lines. 



7. Plan of the genital organs of T. semperi, M. Weber, as seen from below, a, mouth ; 



c, genital pore leading into the genital atrium ; d, oviduct ; e, germarium ; /, receptaculum 

 seminis ; g, vitellarium in the form of a network covering the dorsal surface of the intestine ; 

 Ti, the testes ; j, sperm duct, which, after uniting with its fellow, gives rise to a seminal 

 reside ; fr, penis, with chitinous sheath. 



8. One of the excretory cells of T. fasciata, Hasw., which exists in addition to the ordinary 

 flame cells, a, tubule, branching in the substance of the cell to form a system of minute 

 capillaries ; b, large nucleus. 



