THE TREMATODA 67 



known work on " Parasites " ; while Sommer (40) made a special study 

 of it, the illustrations to which are copied in nearly all accounts. 

 Eaillet has recently (1890) proved experimentally that it sucks the blood, 

 and does not feed upon the bile of its host. 



Sg. Dicrocoelium, Duj. ; D. cylindraceum, Zed., lung of frog. D. reflexum, 

 Crepl., oesophagus of salmon. Sg. Podocotyle, Duj., only in the intestine of 

 fishes. Sg. Brachycoelium, Duj. ; D. claviformis, Brds., in rectum of Tringa 

 alpina,. D. rubellum, Olss., intestine of Labrus. D. heteroporum, Duj., 

 intestine of bats. Sg. Brachylaimus, Duj. ; D. tereticolle, Hud., in pike. D. 

 variegatum, End., lung of frog (Fig. XI. 1). Sg. Apoblema, Duj., in fishes only. 

 D. appendiculatum, End., in Clupea alosa. Sg. Echinostoma, Duj. ; D. trigono- 

 cephalum, End., intestine of various carnivora ; other sp. in fishes, birds, 

 and mammals. Sg. Crossodera, Duj., in fishes only. D. nodulosum, Zed., 

 intestine of perch (Fig. XI. 6). Sg. Cephalogonimus, Poir. ; D. lenoiri, Poir., 



FIG. XII. Bilharzia haematobia, v. Sieb., from the Blood of Man. (After Fritsch.) 



c5 , the male ; ? , the female. , mouth ; 6, ventral sucker ; c, excretory pore ; d, gynae- 

 cophoral groove on the ventral surface of the male, in which lies the genital pore, and the sides 

 of which clasp the female. 



in Chelonian. Sg. Urogonimus, Montic. ; D. macrostomum, End., in Fringilla, 

 etc. Sg. Mesogonimus, Montic. ; D. ivestermanni, Kerb., in lung of man, dog, 

 cat, tiger ; Europe and U.S.A. 



The genus Rhopalophorus, Dies., has two retractile tentacles, armed 

 with booklets at the anterior end of the body. R coronatus, Eud. 

 (Fig. XI. 7) ; Bilharzia, Cobbold (Gynaecophorus, Dies.), the sexes are 

 separate and dimorphic (Fig. XII.) ; the male is smaller than the female, 

 which he carries in a ventral (gynaecophoral) groove, posterior to the 

 ventral sucker, and in which the genital pore lies ; the anterior part 

 of the body is cylindrical, the groove being formed by an inrolling 

 of the sides ; they live always in pairs in blood-vessels of mammals, 

 in hot climates (see 33). B. haematobia, Bilh., in the abdominal veins of 

 natives of Africa, in some parts of which nearly half the inhabitants are 

 infected. The eggs are laid in the blood, accumulate in the capillaries, 

 and cause inflammation and rupture of the vessels. According to Sonsino, 



