142 



FUMARIACEAE. 



VOL. II. 



capsule, or i-seeded and indehiscent. Seeds with a minute embryo in fleshy 

 endosperm. 



Five genera and about 170 species, natives of the north temperate zone and southern Africa. 

 Each of the 2 outer petals spurred at the base. 



Corolla deeply cordate at base ; petals slightly coherent. i. Bicuculla. 



Corolla rounded or slightly cordate ; petals permanently coherent, persistent. 2. Adlumia. 

 One of the outer petals spurred ct base. 



Capsule 2-valved, few-several-seeded. 3. 



Fruit globose, indehiscent, i -seeded. 4. 



Capnoides. 

 Fumaria. 



I. 



i. BICUCULLA Adans. Fam. PI 2: App. 23. 1763. 



[DICLYTRA Borck. Roem. Arch, i : Part 2, 46. 1797. DICENTKA Bernh. Linnaea 8: 468. 1833.] 

 Herbs, with dissected leaves, basal in our species, and racemose flowers. Pedicels 

 2-bracted. Corolla cordate at base ; petals 4, in 2 pairs, connivent. slightly coherent, the 

 exterior pair oblong, concave, spurred at the base, spreading at the apex, the inner narrow, 

 clawed, coherent above, crested or winged on the back. Placentae 2; style slender. Capsule 

 oblong or linear, dehiscent to the base by 2 valves. Seeds crested. [Latin, double-hooded.] 

 A genus of about 16 species, natives of North America and Asia. Type species: Fumaria Cuciil- 

 laria L. The original spelling is Bikukulla. 

 Raceme simple ; flowers white or whitish. 



Spurs divergent ; inner petals minutely crested. I. B. Ciicullaria. 



Spurs short, rounded ; inner petals conspicuously crested. 2. B. canadensis. 



Racemes paniculate; flowers pink. 3. B.e.vitnia. 



Bicuculla Cucullaria (L.) Millsp. Dutchman's Breeches. Soldier's Cap. 

 Monks-hood. Breeches-flower. Fig. 1985. 



Fumaria Cucullaria L. Sp. PI. 699. 1753. 

 Diclytra Cucullaria DC. Syst. Veg. 2: 108. 1821. 

 Dielytra Cucullaria 1. & G. Fl. N. A. 1 : 66. 1838. 

 Dicentra Cucullaria Torr. Fl. N. Y. i : 45. 1843. 

 Bicuculla Cucullaria Millsp. Bull. West Va. Agric. Exp. 

 Sta. 2 : 327. 1892. 



Delicate, glabrous, arising from a granulate 

 bulbous base. Leaves all basal, pale beneath, slender- 

 petioled, ternately compound, the divisions stalked 

 and finely dissected into linear or oblanceolate seg- 

 ments ; scape slender, 5'-io' high ; raceme secund, 

 4-io-flowered ; flowers nodding, pedicelled, 6"-8" 

 long, 8"-io" broad at the base, white, or faintly pink, 

 yellow at the summit; spurs widely divergent; inner 

 petals minutely crested. 



In woods, Nova Scotia to Minnesota, North Carolina, 

 Missouri and Kansas. Ascends to 4500 ft. in Virginia. 

 Colic-weed. Bachelor's- or little-boy's-breeches. Kit- 

 ten-breeches. Boys-and-girls. Indian boys-and-girls. 

 White-hearts. Butterfly-banners. April-May. 



2. Bicuculla canadensis (Goldie) Millsp. Squirrel 

 or Turkey Corn. Fig. '1986. 



Corydalis canadensis Goldie, Edinb. Phil. Journ. 6: 329. 1822. 

 Diclytra canadensis DC. Prodr. i: 126. 1824. 

 Dicentra canadensis Walp. Rep. i: 118. 1842. 

 B. canadensis Millsp. Bull. West Va. Agric. Exp. Sta. 2 : 327. 

 1892. 



Glabrous, the rootstock bearing numerous small tubers. 

 Leaves all basal and nearly similar to those of the pre- 

 ceding species, decidedly glaucous beneath ; scape slender, 

 6'-i2' high ; raceme 4-8-flowered ; flowers nodding, short- 

 pedicelled, 7"-o," long, 5" broad at the base, greenish-white, 

 purplish tinged, slightly fragrant; spurs short, rounded; 

 inner petals prominently crested. 



In rich woods, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Minnesota. Virginia, 

 Tennessee, Missouri and Nebraska. Turkey-pea. Colic-weed. 

 Wild hyacinth. April-June. 



