ROSACEAE. 



VOL. II. 



i. Geum virginianum L. Rough Avens. Ben- 

 net. Herb-bennet. Fig. 2275. 



Geum virginianum L. Sp. PI. 500. 1753. 



Branched above, rather stout, 2i high or less. Stem 

 and petioles bristly-pubescent, the stout short peduncles 

 pubescent with reflexed hairs; basal and lower leaves 

 odd-pinnate, the terminal leaflet, usually larger than the 

 lateral ones, the lower leaflets mostly very small; upper 

 leaves 3-parted, 3-cleft, or the uppermost merely in- 

 cised ; stipules small ; calyx-lobes reflexed, exceeding 

 or about equalling the creamy-white petals; head of 

 fruit globose, very dense, 6"-8" in diameter ; receptacle 

 merely downy or glabrous; style slender, jointed, pu- 

 bescent below, 4"-s" long. 



Low ground, Nova Scotia to Pennsylvania and south- 

 ward in the Alleghanies, west through Ontario to Minne- 

 sota and to Missouri. Blooms somewhat earlier than G. 

 canadense. Basal leaves becoming very large, the terminal 

 leaflet sometimes 6' wide. White avens. Throat-root. 

 Chocolate-root. May-July. 



White Avens. 



2. Geum canadense Jacq. 

 Fig. 2276. 



Geum carolinianum Walt. Fl. Car. 150. 1788. 

 Geum album Gmel. Syst. 2: 861. 1791. 



Softly and finely pubescent or glabrate, erect, 

 branched above, ii-2i high. Stipules small, 

 dentate; basal leaves petioled, lobed, 3-foliolate 

 or pinnately divided, their segments 3-5, the 

 terminal one broadly ovate or obovate, the lateral 

 ones narrower, all dentate and more or less 

 lobed, sometimes with smaller ones borne on the 

 petiole; stem-leaves short-petioled or sessile, 

 3-5-lobed or divided; peduncles slender; flowers 

 white, 4"-8" broad ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, re- 

 flexed; petals obovate, equalling or shorter than 

 the sepals; head of fruit globose-obovoid, sessile, 

 4"-6" long; receptacle densely short -bristly ; style 

 glabrous, or pubescent below, jointed, 3"~4" long. 



In shaded places, Nova Scotia to Ontario, Georgia, 

 Minnesota, South Dakota, Louisiana and Kansas.- 

 Red-root. Herb-bennet. June-Aug. 



3. Geum flavum (Porter) Bicknell. Cream- 

 colored Avens. Fig. 2277. 



Geum album var. flavum Porter, Bull. Torn Club 16 : 



21. 1889. 

 Geum canadense var. flavum Britton, Bull. Torr. 



Club 18: 270. 1891. 

 G. flavum Bicknell, Bull. Torr. Club 23: 523. 1896. 



Stem bristly-hairy below, erect, ii-3 tall. 

 Stipules large, often i' long, foliaceous, dentate 

 or lobed. Basal leaves mostly pinnately divided, 

 sometimes only lobed; lower stem-leaves usually 

 also pinnately divided, the terminal segment 

 often elongated; upper stem-leaves oval or lan- 

 ceolate, sometimes entire; peduncles slender; 

 flowers cream-yellow, about 3" broad ; petals nar- 

 rowly oblong, shorter than or little exceeding the 

 reflexed calyx-lobes ; head of fruit sessile, about 

 5" in diameter; receptacle bristly-villous ; style 

 nearly glabrous to the base, jointed, 3"-4" long. 



In woods, Connecticut to North Carolina, Ohio, 

 western Kentucky and Tennessee. June-Aug. 



Geum urbanum L., from Europe, distinguished by its bright yellow, broader and longer petals, 

 is escaped from cultivation at Cambridge, Mass. 



