ROSACEAE. 



VOL. II. 



7. Rubus arcticus L. Arctic Bramble. Fig. 2294. 



Rubus arcticus L. Sp. PI. 494. 1753. 



R. acaulis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am, 1 : 298. 1803. 



Stems erect, simple or branched from the base, herbaceous, 

 3'-io' high, unarmed, finely pubescent, sometimes leafless 

 below. Stipules oval or ovate, obtuse, 2"-4" long ; leaves 

 slender-petioled, 3-foliolate (rarely 5-foliolate) ; leaflets ses- 

 sile or short-stalked, rhombic-ovate or obovate, coarsely and 

 unequally serrate or slightly lobed, Q"-i8" long; flowers soli- 

 tary, or occasionally 2, terminal, slender-peduncled, pink, or 

 rarely white, 6"-i2" broad, sometimes dioecious; sepals acute, 

 equalling or shorter than the obovate, entire or emarginate 

 clawed petals ; fruit light red, of several or numerous per- 

 sistent or tardily deciduous drupelets, edible, fragrant. 



In peat-bogs and damp woods, Quebec to Manitoba and British 

 Columbia, and throughout arctic America. Also in northern Eu- 

 rope and Asia. Strawberry-leaved bramble. The petals of the 

 American plant are mostly longer-clawed than those of the 

 European. Summer. 



8. Rubus triflorus Richards. Dwarf Red Blackberry. Fig. 2295. 



Rubus saxatills var. canadensis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i : 



298. 1803. Not R. canadensis L. 1753. 

 R. saxaiilis var. americanus Pers. Syn. 2: 52. 1807. 

 Rubus triflorus Richards. Franklin Journ. Ed. 2, App. 



19. 1823. 

 R. americanus Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 5 : 185. 1894. 



Stem trailing or ascending, unarmed, annual, her- 

 baceous, or slightly woody and sometimes branched 

 below, 6'-i8' long, somewhat pubescent. Stipules 

 oval, entire or few-toothed, 3"-S" long; leaves peti- 

 oled, pedately or pinnately 3-fo!iolate, rarely 5-folio- 

 late ; leaflets rhombic-ovate, glabrous or nearly so, 

 acute, the lateral ones mostly rounded, the terminal 

 ones cuneate at the base, all sharply and often doubly 

 serrate; peduncles slender, i-3-flowered, glandular- 

 pubescent ; flowers 4"-6" broad ; petals 5-7, white, 

 spatulate-oblong, erect, rather longer than the acu- 

 minate reflexed sepals ; fruit red-purple, about 6" 

 long. 



In swamps, Newfoundland to Alaska, south to New 

 Jersey, Iowa and Nebraska. Intermediate between black- 

 berries and raspberries. May-July. Running raspberry. 

 Mulberry. Plum-bog-, swamp- or pigeon-berry. Dew- 

 berry. Fruit ripe July-Aug. 



g. Rubus cuneifolius Pursh. Sand Black- 

 berry. Low or Knee-high Blackberry. 

 Fig. 2296. 



Rubus parvifolius Walt. Fl. Car. 149. 1788. Not L. 



Rubus cuneifolius Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 347. 1814. 



Shrubby, erect or nearly so, i-3 high, much 

 branched, armed with stout straight or recurved 

 prickles, the young shoots and lower surfaces of 

 the leaves densely whitish-pubescent. Stipules 

 linear; leaves petioled, 3-5-foliolate; leaflets 

 thick, rugose above, i'-2' long, obovate or rarely 

 oval, obtuse, dentate, especially above the middle, 

 the terminal one cuneate ; peduncles mainly ter- 

 minal, 2-5-flowered ; flowers white or pinkish, 

 nearly i' broad; petals exceeding the sepals; fruit 

 brownish-black, often i' long, delicious. 



In sandy soil, southern Connecticut to Florida, 

 west to Missouri and Louisiana. Brier-berry. May- 

 July. Fruit ripe July-Aug. 



