VIOLACEAE. 



VOL. II. 



45. Viola Walter! House. Prostrate 

 Blue Violet. Fig. 2967. 



y'iola canina Walt. Fl. Car. 219. 1788. Not L. 

 V. Muhlenbergii var. multicaulis T. & G. Fl. I : 



140. 1838. 

 Viola multicaulis Britton, Mem. Torr. Club 5 : 227. 



1894. Not Jordan 1852. 

 Viola W alter i House, Torreya 6: 172. 1906. 



Finely puberulent; stems several, leafy, bear- 

 ing in early spring small violet-blue flowers in 

 the axils of basal leaves, at first ascending, 

 later elongating, becoming prostrate, and bear- 

 ing through the season apetalous flowers on 

 long slender axillary peduncles ; stems often 

 surviving the winter and sending up in spring 

 from their tips rosettes of leaves and petalif- 

 erous flowers, afterwards rooting and forming 

 new plants ; blades mostly orbicular, cordate, 

 rounded or obtuse at the apex, crenulate, I'-ii' 

 wide, often mottled with darker green border- 

 ing the veins ; stipules bristly fimbriate, 3"-s" 

 long; capsules purplish, ovoid-globose, 3" long; 

 seeds brown. 



Dry woodlands, Kentucky to South Carolina, 

 Florida and Texas. Feb.-July. 



46. Viola rostrata Pursn. Long-spurred 

 Violet. Fig. 2968. 



Viola rostrata Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 174. 1814. 



Stems often numerous, commonly 4'-8' high ; 

 leaves orbicular to broadly ovate, cordate, nearly 

 or quite glabrous, serrate, the upper acute or 

 pointed; petaliferous flowers raised on long pe- 

 duncles above the leaves ; petals spotted with 

 darker violet, all beardless; spur slender, $"-?' 

 long; cleistogamous flowers, with minute or 

 aborted petals, appearing later on short peduncles 

 from the axils of the upper leaves ; style straight, 

 beakless, glabrous; capsules ovoid, ii"-3" long, 

 glabrous; seeds light brown. 



Shady hillsides in leaf-mould, Quebec to Michigan, 

 south in the mountains to Georgia. Beaked or canker- 

 violet. June-July. 



47. Viola Rafinesquii Greene. Field Pansy. 

 Fig. 2969. 



Viola tenella Muhl. Cat. 26. 1813. Not Poiret. 1810. 

 Viola Rafinesquii Greene, Pittonia 4: 9. 1899. 



Glabrous, annual, with slender stem, 3'-8' high, 

 often branched from the base ; leaves small, the low- 

 est 3"-s" wide, suborbicular, on slender petioles, the 

 upper obovate to linear-oblanceolate, sparsely crenu- 

 late, attenuate at the base ; stipules pectinately cut, 

 the upper segment elongate, narrowly spatulate, 

 mostly entire ; internodes usually exceeding the 

 leaves; flowers small, but the obovate bluish-white 

 to cream-colored petals nearly twice the length of 

 the lanceolate sepals ; seeds light brown, a little more 

 than \" long. 



In fields and open woods, New York to Michigan, south 

 to Georgia and Texas. April-May. Field-violet. 



