MONOTROPACEAE. 



VOL. II. 



i. Monotropsis odorata Ell. Sweet 



Pine-Sap. Carolina Beech-drops. 



Fig. 3209. 



Monotropsis odorata Ell. Bot. S. C. & Ga. i : 479. 

 1817. 



Schweinitzia caroliniana Don, Gen. Syst. 3: 867. 

 1834. 



Schweinitzia odorata DC. Prodr. 7: 780. 1839. 



Plant light purplish brown; scapes usually 

 several in a cluster, ^'-4' high. Bracts numerous, 

 ovate-oblong, obtuse, appressed, 2 "-4" long; 

 flowers few (usual. y 6-8), pink cr white, spicate 

 fragrant, 2-bracteolate at the base, spreading or 

 erect, the spike at first recurved, becoming erect, 

 i '-2' long; sepals mostly oblong-lanceolate, acute, 

 about as long as the corolla and the bractlets. 



In woods, Maryland to North Carolina. Very rare. 

 Feb.-May. 



3. MONOTROPA L. Sp. PI. 387. 1753. 



Scapose succulent white yellowish or red bracted herbs, with a solitary nodding flower, 

 the capsule becoming erect. Sepals 2-4, deciduous. Petals 5 or 6, oblong, somewhat dilated 

 at apex, erect, not saccate at the base, tardily deciduous. Stamens 10-12; filaments subulate- 

 filiform; anthers short, peltate, horizontal, opening at first by 2 transverse chinks, becoming 

 transversely 2-valved. Disk io-12-toothed, confluent with the base of the ovary. Ovary 

 5-celled; style short, thick; stigma funnelform, -its margin obscurely crenate, not ciliate. 

 Capsule 5-celled, 5-valved, many-seeded. Seeds minute, the testa produced at each end. 

 [Greek, once-turned.] 



Two species, natives of North America, Mexico, Colombia, Japan and the Himalayas. The 

 following typical one is the only one known in North America. 



i. Monotropa uniflora L. Indian Pipe. 

 Fig. 3210. 



Monotropa uniflora L. Sp. PI. 387. 1753. 



Scapes white, glabrous, usually clustered, 4'- 

 10' high from a mass of matted brittle roots, 

 turning dark in drying. Flower terminal, in- 

 odorous, nodding, oblong-campanulate, i'-i' 

 long, the fruit becoming erect; petals 4-5 

 (rarely 6), puberulent within, white, rather 

 longer than the usually 10 stamens; filaments 

 pubescent ; ovary ovoid, acute, narrowed into 

 the short style; capsule erect, obtusely angled, 

 5"-8" high, 4"-s" in diameter. 



In moist rich woods, Anticosti to Florida, west 

 to Washington and California, almost throughout 

 temperate and warm North America and in 

 Mexico. Ascends to 4200 ft. in North Carolina. 

 Also in Japan and the Himalayas. Whole plant 

 occasionally pink or red. American ice-plant. 

 Ghost-flower, Corpse-plant. Eyebright. Convul- 

 sion-weed or -root. Dutchman's-pipe. Fit-root 

 plant. Bird's-nest or pipe-plant. Fairy-smoke. 

 June-Aug. 



4. HYPOPITYS Adans. Fam. PI. 2 : 443. 1763. 



Stems slender, pubescent at least above, bearing numerous white, pink, yellow or red 

 flowers in a nodding one-sided raceme which soon becomes erect. Roots a dense mass of 

 fleshy fibres. Terminal flower usually s-parted, the lateral ones 3-4-parted. Sepals com- 

 monly as many as the petals. Petals saccate at the base. Stamens 6-10; filaments subulate: 



