GENUS 22. 



HEATH FAMILY. 



693 



the base; anther-sacs opening by a terminal pore, commonly awned. Stigma obtuse, entire. 

 Disk lo-toothed. Ovary 5-celled, 5-lobed. Calyx becoming fleshy and at length surrounding 

 the capsule, forming a berry-like fruit. [Named after Dr. Gaultier, of Quebec.] 



About 100 species, mostly of the Andes of South America, a few North American and Asiatic. 

 Besides the following 3 others occur on the Pacific Coast, the following typical. 



i. Gaultheria procumbens L. Spring, Creeping or Spicy Wintergreen. Checker- 

 berry. Fig. 3248. 

 G'aultheria procumbens L. Sp. PI. 395. 1753. 



Nearly glabrous throughout, aromatic ; stems 

 slender, creeping or subterranean ; branches erect, 

 2'-6' high. Leaves mostly clustered at the ends of 

 the branches, oval, oblong or obovate, obtuse or 

 acute, narrowed at the base, short-petioled, the 

 margins slightly revolute and serrate with low 

 bristle-tipped teeth, dark green and shining above, 

 pale beneath, i'-2' long; flowers usually solitary in 

 the axils, on recurved peduncles 2"-^" long, 2-bracteo- 

 late under the calyx ; corolla ovoid-urceolate, white, 

 5-toothed, 2"-3" ' long; fruit depressed-globose, 

 slightly 5-lobed, bright red, 4"-6" in diameter, mealy, 

 very spicy in flavor. 



In woods, especially under evergreen trees, Newfound- 

 land to Manitoba, New Jersey, Georgia, West Virginia, 

 Indiana and Michigan. June-Sept. Fruit ripe late in 

 the autumn, remaining on the plant until spring. Chinks. 

 One-berry. Drunkards. Chicken-berry. Red pollom. 

 Box-, ground-, tea-, green- or partridge-berry. Deer-, 

 hill-, ginger-, ivy-, grouse- or spice-berry. Ivory plum. 

 Mountain- or Canada tea. 



23- 



UVA-URSI Mill. Card. Diet. Abr. Ed. 4. 1754. 

 [ARCTOSTAPHYLOS Adans. Fam. PI. 2: 165. 1763.] 



Erect or spreading, low or tall shrubs (some western species small trees). Leaves alter- 

 nate, petioled, firm or coriaceous, persistent, evergreen. Flowers small, nodding, bracted, 

 pedicelled, white or pink, in terminal racemes, panicles or clusters. Calyx 4-5-parted, per- 

 sistent. Corolla globose, ovoid, urceolate or oblong-campanulate, 4-5-lobed, the lobes recurved, 

 imbricated in the bud. Stamens 10, rarely 8, included ; filaments short, subulate ; anthers 

 short, erect, introrse, with 2 recurved awns on the back, the sacs opening by a terminal pore. 

 Disk 8-io-lobed. Ovary 4-io-celled ; ovules solitary in the cavities ; style slender. Fruit a 

 drupe, with 4-10 seed-like nutlets coherent into a solid stone. [Greek, bear-berry.] 



About 40 species, the following typical one of the northern hemisphere, the others of western 

 North America. % , 



i. Uva-Ursi Uva-Ursi (L.) Britton. Red 

 Bearberry. Kinnikinic. Fig. 3249. 



Arbutus Uva-Ursi L. Sp. PI. 395. 1753. 

 Arctostaphylos Uva-Ursi Spreng. Syst. 2: 287. 1825. 



Trailing or spreading on the ground, branched ; 

 branches 6'-24' long, the twigs puberulent. Leaves 

 spatulate, coriaceous, obtuse, entire, evergreen, glabrous 

 or minutely puberulent toward the base, i'-i' long, 2"-$" 

 wide, finely reticulate-veined; petioles about i" long, 

 puberulent ; flowers few in short racemes ; pedicels 

 i"-2" long; corolla ovoid, constricted at the throat, 

 white, about 2" long; drupe globose, red, glabrous, 

 insipid, rather dry, 3"-s" in diameter, usually containing 

 5 coalescent nutlets, each i -nerved on the back. 



In dry, sandy or rocky soil, Labrador and arctic America 

 to Alaska, south to southern New Jersey, Pennsylvania, 

 Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska, Colorado and California. 

 Also in northern Europe and Asia. May-June. Mountain- 

 box. Universe-vine. Rapper-dandies. Fox- or meal-plum 

 or -berry. Bear's-grape-bilberry or -whortleberry. Rock- or 

 crow-berry. Barren myrtle or bilberry. Mountain, upland, 

 wild- or hog-crawberry. Barren myrtle. -, 



24. MAIRANIA Neck. ; Desv. Journ. Bot. II. i : 36, 292. 1813. 



[ARCTOUS Niedenzu, Engl. Bot. Jahrb. n: 141. 1890.] 



A low shrub, with shreddy bark, alternate thin deciduous leaves clustered toward the 

 ends of the branches, and small white clustered pedicelled flowers. Calyx 4-5-parted. 



