GENUS 2. 



OLIVE FAMILY 



7. Fraxinus caroliniana Mill. Water or 

 Carolina Ash. Fig. 3320. 



F. caroliniana Mill. Diet. Ed. 8, no. 6. 1768. 



F. platycarpa Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 256. 1803. 



A small tree, rarely over 40 high, the trunk 

 reaching about i in diameter, with terete 

 twigs and glabrous or slightly pubescent 

 foliage. Leaflets 5-7 (rarely 9), ovate, ovate- 

 lanceolate or oblong, acuminate or acute at 

 the apex, narrowed, or the lower ones rounded 

 at the base, long-stalked (4"-8"), sharply ser- 

 rate, serrulate or sometimes entire, 2'-$' long, 

 i'-ii' wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of 

 the pistillate persistent; anthers linear-oblong; 

 samara i'-2' long, 4"-o," wide, elliptic or 

 spatulate, the body linear, flat, broadly winged 

 all around, extending more than half way to 

 the apex of the fruit, the wing pinnately 

 veined; samaras sometimes 3-winged. 



In swamps and wet soil, southeastern Virginia 

 to Florida, Missouri, Arkansas and Texas. Also 

 in Cuba. Wood light, soft, weak, yellowish white ; 

 weight per cubic foot 22 Ibs. Pop- or poppy-ash. 



March-April. 



8. Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue 

 Ash. Fig. 3321. 



Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 

 255. 1803. 



A large forest tree, sometimes becoming 

 110 high, the trunk reaching 3 in diameter, 

 the twigs 4-sided, the foliage glabrous, or 

 sparingly pubescent when young. Leaflets 

 7-i I, ovate, oblong or lanceolate, acuminate 

 at the apex, rounded or narrowed at the base, 

 short-stalked (2"-3"), green on both sides, 

 sharply serrate or serrulate, 3'-s' long, i'-2' 

 wide; flowers dioecious, the calyx of the pis- 

 tillate ones obsolete; anthers linear-oblong; 

 samara linear-oblong or cuneate, i'-2' long, 

 3"-7" wide, winged all around, parallel-nerved, 

 the body extending more than half-way to the 

 apex. 



In woods, Ontario, Minnesota and Michigan to 

 Alabama, Iowa and Arkansas. Wood heavy, hard, 

 not strong, yellowish brown ; weight per cubic foot 

 47 Ibs. March-April. 



9. Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Black or Brown 

 Ash. Hoop Ash. Fig. 3322. 



Fraxinus nigra Marsh. Arb. Am. 51. 1785. 

 Fraxinus sambitcifolia Lam. Encycl. 2: 549. 1786. 



A swamp tree, reaching a maximum height of 

 about 100 and trunk diameter of 3, the twigs 

 terete, the foliage glabrous, except the midrib of 

 the lower surfaces of the leaflets. Leaflets 7-11, 

 sessile, green on both sides, oblong-lanceolate, 

 long-acuminate at the apex, narrowed or rounded 

 at the base, sharply serrate or serrulate, 3'-6' 

 long, 9"- 1 8" wide ; flowers dioecious ; calyx none ; 

 anthers short-oblong; samara oblong or linear- 

 oblong, parallel-nerved, i'-ii' long, 3"~4" wide, 

 the body flat, -winged all around, extending to or 

 beyond the middle. 



In swamps and wet woods. Newfoundland to 

 Manitoba, south to Virginia, Illinois and Arkansas. 

 Wood heavy, soft, not strong, dark brown ; weight 

 per cubic foot 39 Ibs. April-May. Swamp-, basket- 

 or water-ash. 



