GENUS 14. 



MUSTARD FAMILY. 



163 



i. Armoracia Armoracia (L.) Britton, Horse- 

 radish. Fig. 2034. 



Cochlearia Armoracia L. Sp. PL 648. 1753- 



Nasturtium Armoracia Fries; A. Gray, Man. Ed. 2, 31. 



1856. 

 Roripa Armoracia A. S. Hitchcock, Spring Fl. Manhattan 



1 8. 1894. 

 Irmoracia rusticana Gaertn. Meyer & Schreb. Fl. Wett. 2 : 



426. 1800. 



Erect, 2-3 high, from deep thick roots. Basal leaves 

 on thick petioles 6'-i2' long, the blade oblong, often 

 nearly as long, crenate, sinuate or even pinnatifid, 

 rough but glabrous; upper leaves smaller, sessile, nar- 

 rowly oblong or lanceolate, crenate or dentate; racemes 

 paniculate, terminal and axillary; pedicels very slender, 

 ascending, 2"-$" long; flowers white, showy, 2"-^' 

 broad; pods oblong or nearly globose; style very short 



Escaped from gardens into moist grounds, especially 

 along streams. Frequent. Adventive from Europe. The 

 roots furnish the well-known sauce. Summer. 



15. COCHLEARIA [Tourn.] L. Sp. PI. 647. 1753. 



Annual or biennial maritime herbs, with simple alternate mostly fleshy leaves, and 

 white or rarely purplish or yellowish racemose flowers. Silicic inflated, oblong or globose. 

 Valves very convex, dehiscent. Stigma nearly simple, or capitate. Seeds several in each 

 cell of the pod, usually in 2 rows, marginless. Cotyledons mainly accumbent. [Greek, spoon, 

 from the shape of the leaves.] 



A genus of about 25 species, all natives of the colder parts of the north temperate zone. 

 Besides the following, about three others are found on the arctic and northern Pacific coasts of 

 North America. Type species : Cochlearia officinalis L. 



i. Cochlearia officinalis L. Scurvy-grass or 

 weed. Spoonwort. Fig. 2035. 



Cochlearia officinalis L. Sp. PI. 647. 1753. 

 Cochlearia oblongifolia DC. Syst. Veg. 2 : 363. 1821. 



Diffuse, branching, glabrous, somewhat fleshy, the 

 branches 6'-i2' long. Lower leaves long-petioled, 

 oblong, orbicular or reniform, obtuse, i'-i' long, 

 dentate or entire ; upper leaves ovate or oblong, ses- 

 sile or short-petioled ; flowers white, 2"-3" broad; 

 petals emarginate, or entire, thrice as long as the 

 calyx ; raceme elongating in fruit ; pedicels ascend- 

 ing, 3"~4" l n g m fruit; pods globose or ovoid, 2"- 

 3" long, smooth or reticulated ; valves convex, 

 strongly i-nerved; style \" long. 



Along seacosts and rivers, Anticosti to Greenland and 

 arctic America generally. Also in arctic Europe and 

 Asia. Summer. A valued antiscorbutic salad. 



Cochlearia danica L., Danish scurvy-grass, of the arctic coasts of America and Europe, differs 

 in having the stem-leaves deltoid to hastate, all but the uppermost slender-petioled, and ranges 

 south to Newfoundland. 



16. NEOBECKIA Greene, Pittonia 3 : 95. 1896. 



An aquatic herb, the immersed leaves finely dissected, with large white racemose flowers. 

 Style slender. Silicles ovoid, i-celled. Seeds small, few, in 2 rows in each cell. Cotyledons 

 accumbent. [In honor of Lewis Caleb Beck, 1798-1853, American chemist and botanist.] 



A monotypic genus of eastern North America. 



