GENUS 28. 



ROSE FAMILY. 



281 



1 6. Rubus procumbens Muhl. Low Running Blackberry. Dewberry. Fig. 2303. 



?R. villosus Ait. Hort. Kew. 2: 210. 1789. Not Thunb. 

 Rubus procumbens Muhl, Muhl. Cat. 50. 1813. 

 R. canadcnsis invisus Bailey, Am. Card. 12: 83. 1891. 

 R. canadensis roribaccus Bailey, Am. Card, n : 642. 1890. 



Trailing, shrubby, stem often several feet long, 

 armed with scattered prickles or nearly naked. 

 Branches erect or ascending, 4'-i2' long, more or 

 less pubescent, sometimes prickly, sometimes slightly 

 glandular; leaves petioled, 3~7-foliolate ; leaflets 

 ovate, oval or ovate-lanceolate, thin, deciduous, acute 

 or sometimes obtusish at the apex, rounded or nar- 

 rowed at the base, sharply dentate-serrate, usually 

 sparingly pubescent ; flowers terminal, few and race- 

 mose, or sometimes solitary, white, about i' broad ; 

 peduncles leafy; sepals shorter than or exceeding the 

 petals; fruit black, delicious, often i' long. 



In dry soil, Newfoundland(?), Ontario to Lake Su- 

 perior, south to Virginia. Louisiana and Oklahoma. 

 Creeping blackberry. April-May. Fruit ripe June-July. 

 Referred in our first edition, following previous authors, 

 to Rubus canadensis L., long misunderstood 



Rubus Ensleni Tratt., of the Southern States, differ- 

 ing by crenate leaflets, is doubtfully recorded as far 

 north as Kansas. 



17. Rubus trivialis Michx. Low Bush 

 Blackberry. Fig. 2304. 



Rubus trivalis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 296. 1803. 



Stem trailing or procumbent, several feet long, 

 beset with stout hooked prickles, and sometimes 

 bristly. Branches erect, 3'-o/ high, prickly and usu- 

 ally pubescent or setose ; leaves petioled, 3-f oliolate 

 (rarely 5-foliolate) ; leaflets oval, or sometimes 

 ovate-lanceolate, coriaceous, evergreen, glabrous or 

 very nearly so, acute or obtusish at the apex, nar- 

 rowed or rounded at the base, sharply serrate ; 

 peduncles terminal, prickly, i-5-flowered; flowers 

 often i' broad, white; petals much exceeding the 

 reflexed sepals ; fruit black, often i' long, sweet. 



In dry sandy soil, Virginia to Florida, west to Texas. 

 Called also southern dewberry. March May. 



Rubus rubrisetus Rydb., ranging from Louisiana 

 northward into Missouri, differs in being copiously 

 glandular-pubescent, with somewhat smaller flowers. 



1 8. Rubus hispidus L. Hispid or Running 

 Swamp Blackberry. Fig. 2305 



Rubus hispidus L. Sp. PI. 493. 1753. 



Rubus obovalis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i : 298. 1803. 



Stems slender, slightly woody, creeping, more or 

 less densely beset with weak, retrorse bristles. 

 Branches erect or ascending, 4'-i2' long, naked, or 

 with a few scattered prickles ; leaves petioled, 

 3-foliolate or rarely 5-foliolate; leaflets obovate, 

 obtuse, thick, persistent, somewhat shining above, 

 narrowed at the base, s'-li' long, sharply serrate 

 above the middle ; peduncles terminal or axillary, 

 nearly or quite leafless ; flowers racemose, white, 

 6"-8" broad ; petals exceeding the sepals ; fruit red- 

 dish, or nearly black when ripe, sour, usually less 

 than y long, composed of few drupelets. 



In swamps or low grounds, rarely in dry soil. Nova 

 Scotia to Ontario and Minnesota, south to Georgia and 

 Kansas. Ascends to 3500 ft. in North Carolina. 

 Leaves sometimes persistent into the winter. Leaflets 

 of sterile shoots sometimes 2' 3' long. June-July. 



