GENUS i. 



VIOLET FAMILY. 



557 



30. Viola primulifolia L. Primrose-leaved 

 Violet. Fig. 2952. 



Viola primulifolia L. Sp. PI. 934. 1753. 



Often quite glabrous, but usually somewhat 

 pubescent, especially toward the base of the pe- 

 tioles ; blades objorig to ovate, obscurely crenate- 

 serrate, base slightly cordate, rounded or taper- 

 ing, petioles often broadly winged above ; scapes 

 2'-io" high, often longer than the leaves ; flowers 

 similar to those of V. lanceolda; sepals lanceo- 

 late, acuminate ; the three lower petals purple- 

 veined, the lateral ones slightly bearded or beard- 

 less; capsules green, ellipsoid, 3 "-5" long, those 

 from the numerous late cleistogamous flowers on 

 rather short, erect peduncles; seeds reddish 

 brown, I" long. 



In moist open ground, New Brunswick to Florida 

 and Louisiana. Numerous leafy stolons appear from 

 vigorous olants in late summer. 



31. Viola lanceolata L. Lance-leaved or 

 Water Violet. Fig. 2953. 



Viola lanceolata L. Sp. PI. 934. 1753. 



Glabrous, usually profusely stoloniferous in late 

 summer, the stolons rooting at the nodes and bear- 

 ing apetalous flowers ; rootstock slender ; scapes 2'-^' 

 high; mature leaves lanceolate or elliptical, the 

 blade 2i'-6' long, 5"-io" wide, gradually tapering 

 into the margined, often reddish petiole, obscurely 

 crenulate ; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, 2"-3" long ; 

 petals 3"-4" long, usually all beardless, the three 

 lower striped with purplish veins; capsules green, 

 ellipsoid, 3"-6" long, those of the cleistogamous 

 flowers on erect peduncles, usually shorter than the 

 leaves ; seeds dark brown. 



Open bogs and moist meadows, Nova Scotia to Min- 

 nesota, south to the coastal plain, where it gives place to 

 the taller and narrower-leaved Viola vittata Greene. 



32. Viola rotundifolia Michx. Round- 

 leaved or Yellow Violet. Fig. 2954. 



V. rotundifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 150. 

 1803. 



Rootstock long and stout, jagged with the 

 persistent bases of former leaves; stolons 

 short, usually without roots or leaves, bear- 

 ing 1-4 cleistogamous flowers ; leaves oval 

 or orbicular, obtuse, cordate with short and 

 narrow sinus, repand-crenulate, at vernal 

 flowering sparsely hirtellous, about i' wide; 

 in midsummer mostly glabrate, 2'-^ wide, 

 prostrate ; scapes 2'-^ high ; flowers bright 

 yellow, the three lower petals with brown 

 lines, the lateral bearded; style club-shaped, 

 abruptly capitate, beakless ; capsule ovoid, 

 3" 4" long, those from the cleistogamous 

 flowers on deflexed peduncles and closely 

 dotted with purple; seeds nearly white. 



Cold woods, Maine to western Ontario, south 

 along the Alleghanies to northern Georgia. As- 

 cends to 4500 ft. in Virginia. April-May. 



