THE GRAPSOID CEABS OF AMERICA. 251 



American fauna is only partially known. Dana's specimen is not 

 extant ; it may perhaps have come from Madeira or the Cape Verde 

 Islands. 



Diagnosis. Quadrate. Two side teeth. Movable finger tubercu- 

 late above. Merus of last leg entire behind. 



Description. Carapace but little broader than long; sides a little 

 arched in front, converging very little behind the posterior side 

 tooth. Surface smooth in the posterior two-thirds of the middle 

 portion. Two side teeth besides the orbital tooth, the three diminish- 

 ing in size backwards. 



Front as a whole convex, edge sinuous, faintly bilobed, and finely 

 crenulate. Superior lobes prominent, outer pair oblique, narrower 

 than inner pair. 



The spines at the distal end of the arm and the inner angle of 

 the wrist are sharp. Upper margin of palm and proximal half of 

 finger tuberculate; a ridge on distal half of lower part of propodus, 

 which is obsolete in old specimens. Edge of 

 pollex prominent near its middle; fingers little 

 gaping. 



Legs with the customary spine on the an- 

 terior border; first pair with one posterior 

 spine; second and third pairs with three or 

 four; last pair entire. 



Color. A mixture of shades of green, gray, 

 brown, and white. One variety is covered with 

 FIG. 138. PACHTGRAP- transverse bands of white; another is abso- 



SOS &I ARM OR AT US, / -r, \ 



ODTER MAXILLII-ED, lutely black. (After Risso.) 



ENLARGED. (AFTEB M easurements. Male (14864), length of 



MILNE EDWARDS.) ^ 



carapace 27.8, width of same 30.7 mm. 



Habitat. Littoral. Eisso l says of these crabs that they are timid 

 and cease their activity at the least sign of danger until assured that 

 no one will molest them, when they resume their sports and combats; 

 but if one makes the least movement to seize them they flee swiftly 

 and seek fissures in the rocks to hide in, and threaten with their 

 claws. They leave the water many times a day to walk in the sun. 

 and at night they roam in search of dead animals left by the tide. 

 The females produce each time 400 or 500 small eggs, and remain 

 under the rocks until they are hatched. 



Range. Rio Janeiro? (Dana). Inhabits the Mediterranean; 

 Black Sea; west coast of France; Azores; Madeira. 



Material examined. 



Biarritz, France; Rev. A. M. Norman; 3 male and female (14497). 



Terceira, Azores; June 29, 1894; William Trelease; 1 male, 2 

 females (18626). 



* Crust. Nice, 1816, p. 22. 



