i8 ANALYTICAL KEY 



m. Flowers appearing after the leaves, the latter not persisting 

 through the winter; flowers yellow (white in one species) 

 (Buttercup). 

 n. Flowers white. WHITE WATER BUTTERCUP, 



RANUNCULUS AQUATILIS CAPILLACETIS (p. 59). 

 n. Flowers yellow. 

 o. Plant aquatic. YELLOW WATER BUTTERCUP, 



RANUNCULUS DELPHINIFOLIUS (p. 59). 

 0. Plant terrestrial. 



p. Root leaves merely crenate, not divided; flowers small, 



inconspicuous. RANUNCULUS ABORTIVUS (p. 59). 



p. Leaves conspicuously cleft or divided; flowers commonly 



large and showy. 



q.. Plant of dry hillsides, flowering in early spring; roots fleshy 



thickened. RANUNCULUS FASCICULARIS (p. 59). 



q. Low plants of moist woods, flowering in middle or late 



spring. 



r. Petals shorter than the reflexed calyx; carpels with long 

 recurved beak. RANUNCULUS RECURVATUS (p. 59). 

 r. Petals much larger than the spreading calyx; carpels with 

 straightish beak. 



RANUNCULUS SEPTENTRIONALIS (p. 60). 

 q,. Introduced plants of fields and waysides; medium-sized 



to tall, erect plants. 

 r. Base of stem bulb-like; sepals reflexed. 



RANUNCULUS BULBOSUS (p. 60). 

 r. Base of stem not bulb-like; sepals spreading. 



RANUNCULUS ACRIS (p. 60). 



m. Old leaves persistent through the winter, the flowers, which 



are white, pink, or blue, appearing before the new leaves. If 



the three-leaved involucre has been mistaken for a calyx, there 



may be sought here. HEPATIC A (p. 61). 



n. Leaf lobes rounded. HEPATIC A TRILOBA (p. 61). 



n. Leaf lobes pointed. HEFATICA ACUTILOBA (p. 61). 



1. Pistils with two or more ovules; leaves evergreen, tri-foliolate; 



flowers white; petals club-shaped; rootstocks bright yellow. 



GOLDTHREAD, COPTIS TRIFOLIA (p. 63). 



j. Flowers perigynous (stamens inserted on the calyx or corolla), 

 k. Leaves simple. 



1. Stamens more than ten, coherent in a column; styles numerous; 

 ovaries united in a ring. 



MALLOW, MALVA ROTUNDIFOLIA (p. 93). 

 1. Stamens ten or less, not coherent in a column; styles and carpels 



two (Saxifrage family). 

 m. Leaves not heart-shaped (Saxifrage). 

 n, Corolla white; calyx lobes not reflexed at maturity. 



EARLY SAXIFRAGE, SAXIFRAGA VIRGINIENSIS (p. 74). 

 n. Corolla greenish; calyx lobes reflexed at maturity. 



SWAMP SAXIFRAGE, SAXIFRAGA PENNSYLVANIA (p. 74). 

 m. Leaves heart-shaped. 

 n. Stamens five (Alum root). 



o. Calyx regular. HEUCHERA AMERICANA (p. 74). 



o. Calyx oblique. HEUCHERA HISPID A (p. 74). 



