VIOLACEAE (VIOLET FAMILY) 95 



VIOLA 



Sepals auricled. Lower petal spurred. Stamens distinct, the 2 

 lower bearing spurs which project into the spur of the corolla. 



V. pedata, BIRD-FOOT VIOLET. Nearly glabrous; leaves and scapes 

 directly from a short rootstock; leaves 3-divided, the lateral divisions 

 3-5 parted, the segments all linear or narrowly spatulate ; upper petals 

 dark violet, the others pale to deep lilac-purple, all beardless; style 

 club-shaped, beakless. Open, sandy ground. 



V. cucullata, COMMON BLUE VIOLET. Glabrous, leaves and scapes 

 from a thickened rootstock; leaves heart-shaped, crenate-serrate ; 

 petals violet-blue, the lateral ones bearded; style capitate, beaked on 

 the lower side. Damp ground. 



V. palmata, PALMATELY-LEAVED VIOLET. More or less pubescent; 

 leaves and scapes from a thickened rootstock ; leaves palmately 5-9 

 lobed, the segments variously toothed and cleft ; petals violet-purple, 

 lateral ones bearded ; style capitate, beaked on the lower side. Rich 

 woods. 



V. sagittata, ARROW-LEAVED VIOLET. Usually glabrous; leaves and 

 scapes from a thickened rootstock ; leaves lanceolate, long-petioled, 

 with sagittate lobes or teeth at base ; petals violet-purple, lateral ones 

 bearded ; style capitate, beaked on the lower side. Moist banks and 

 fields. 



V. lanceolata, LANCE-LEAVED VIOLET. Glabrous; leaves and scapes 

 from a long and filiform rootstock producing leafy runners ; leaves 

 lanceolate or linear-lanceolate; petals white, with purple lines on the 

 3 lower, the lateral ones usually beardless ; style capitate, beaked on the 

 lower side. Open, wet ground. 



V. blanda, SWEET WHITE VIOLET. Glabrous except upper surface of 

 leaves ; leaves and scapes from a long and filiform rootstock ; leaves 

 heart-shaped, minutely hairy above ; petals white, with purple lines on 

 the 3 lower, the lateral ones beardless ; style capitate, beaked on the 

 lower side. Rich woods. 



V. pubescens, YELLOW VIOLET. Pubescent plants with erect, leafy 

 stems ; leaves near the summit, broadly ovate with cordate or truncate 

 base, crenate-dentate ; petals yellow with purple veins, lateral ones 

 bearded ; style capitate, beakless, bearded at the summit. Rich woods. 



V. canadensis, CANADA VIOLET. Minutely pubescent, glabrate plants 

 with erect leafy stems; leaves heart-shaped, pointed, serrate; petals 



