130 GLOSSARY 



Polypetalous. Said of flowers whose petals are separate. 

 Pome. A kind of fleshy fruit of which apple is the type. 

 Procumbent. Prostrate, but without taking root at the nodes. 

 Pubescent. Covered with short hair, as the pubescence of a peach. 



Raceme (adj., racemose). A simple inflorescence of about equi-pediceled flowers 



on a common stalk; example, lily-of-the-valley. 

 Radical leaves. Those which arise from the base of the stem, so near the ground 



as to have the appearance of arising from the root. 

 Ray. Applied to one of the branches of an umbel, as in Zizia. 

 Ray flowers. The marginal flowers in a composite head. 

 Receptacle. The more or less expanded top of the stalk (pedicel or peduncle) 



from which the flowers arise. 



Reticulated. Characterized by a net-like pattern; net-veined. 

 Retrorse prickles. Those directed back or downward. 

 Re-volute margin. One which tends to roll back. 

 Rhizome. A subterranean or only prostrate stem. 

 Rootstock. Same as rhizome. 



Rotate corolla. One which is flat and circular in outline; wheel-shaped. 

 Runcinate. Sharply incised with the segments directed backwards. 



Saccate. Sac-shaped, as the bottom of the corolla in violet. 



Sagittate. Shaped like an arrow-head with the lobes directed down. 



Salver-form. Said of a corolla composed of a slender tube abruptly expanding 

 into a flat top; the form of the antique salver. 



Samara. An indehiscent winged fruit like that of maples; "key" fruit. 



Scape. A peduncle rising from the ground and without foliage, as in tulip. 



Scarious. Thin, dry, not green. 



Scurfy. Rough with short, woolly hairs. 



Serrate. Said of margins with sharp teeth pointing forward. 



Serrulate. Finely serrate. 



Sessile. Without stalk. Said of leaves without petioles, anthers without fila- 

 ments, etc. 



Sinuate-toothed. A toothed margin with a tendency to be wavy. 



Sinus. The cleft between two lobes, as in a cordate leaf. 



Spadix. A flower-bearing, fleshy axis, as in jack-in-the-pulpit. 



Spathe. A large bract, or pair of them, usually hood-shaped, enclosing an in- 

 florescence, as in skunk cabbage or jack-in-the-pulpit. 



Spatulate. Having the shape of a spatula; gradually narrowing down from a 

 rounded summit. 



Sporangium. A spore case. Obvious in pteridophytes; in spermatophytes, the 

 pollen-sacs are examples. 



Spore. A unicellular reproductive body capable of direct growth into a new 

 individual. 



Sporophyll. A spore-bearing organ, leaf-like in origin and sometimes in appear- 

 ance, as the sporophylls of the common ferns. Among seed plants the 

 stamens are sporophylls, and the young pollen grains are spores. 



Spur. A sac-like extension of the corolla as in violet or nasturtium. 



Staminate flowers. Those which have stamens but no pistils. 



Stigmatic surface. The pollen-catching surface. 



Stipe. The leaf-stalk of a fern. 



Stipule. An outgrowth at the base of the petiole or on each side of it, as in 

 the rose family. 



