GENUS 7. 



FERN FAMILY. 



2 3 



14. Dryopteris Phegopteris (L.) C. Chr. Long Beech-fern. Fig. 50. 



Polypodhtm Phegopteris L. Sp. PL 1089. 1753. 

 Phegopteris polypodioidcs Fee, Gen. Fil. 243. 1850-52. 

 Phegopteris Phegopteris Underw. ; Small, Bull. Torr. 



Club, 20: 462. 1893. 

 Dryopteris Phegopteris C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 284. 1905. 



Rootstock . slender, creeping, somewhat chaffy. 

 Stipes stramineous, 6'-i4' long, blades triangular, 

 thin, mostly longer than wide, 4'-^' long, 3'-8' wide, 

 long-acuminate, pilose, especially on the veins be- 

 neath, the rachis and midribs with narrow rusty or 

 brownish scales ; pinnae close, lanceolate or linear- 

 lanceolate, broadest above the base, acuminate, pin- 

 nately parted nearly to the rachis into oblong obtuse 

 entire or crenate close segments, the lowest pair 

 deflexed ; basal segments, at least those of the upper 

 pinnae, adnate to the rachis and decurrent; sori small, 

 near the margin, non-indusiate. 



Moist woods and hillsides, Newfoundland to Alaska, 

 the mountains of Virginia, Michigan to Washington. 

 Ascends to 4000 ft. in Vermont. Greenland, Europe 

 and Asia. Aug. Sun-fern. Common beech-fern. 



15. Dryopteris hexagonoptera (Michx.) C. Chr. Broad Beech-fern. Fig. 51. 



Polypodium hcxagonopterum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 



271. 1803. 

 Phegopteris hexagonoptera Fee, Gen. Fil. 243. 1850- 



52- 

 D. hexagonoptera C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 270. 1905. 



Rootstock slender, creeping, chaffy, somewhat 

 fleshy. Stipes 8'-i8' long, greenish or brownish 

 straw-colored; blades triangular, 7'-i5' broad, us- 

 ually broader than long, acuminate, slightly pubes- 

 cent, often glandular beneath; pinnae adnate to the 

 irregularly winged rachis, acuminate, the upper and 

 middle ones lanceolate, pinnatifid into numerous 

 obtuse oblong subentire or crenate segments, the 

 lowermost pinnae broader, unequally ovate to lan- 

 ceolate-ovate with the middle pinnules elongate, 

 spaced, often deeply pinnatifid ; sori mostly near the 

 margin, non-indusiate. 



In dry woods and on hillsides, Quebec to Min- 

 nesota, Florida, Louisiana, Kansas and Oklahoma. 

 Aug. Called also Hexagon Beech-fern. 



1 6. Dryopteris Dryopteris (L.) Britton. 

 Oak-fern. Fig. 52. 



Polypodium Dryopteris L. Sp. PL 1093. 1753. 

 Phegopteris Dryopteris Fee, Gen. Fil. 243. 1850-52. 

 Dryopteris Linneana C. Chr. Ind. Fil. 275. 1905. 



Rootstock blackish, very slender, wide-creeping. 

 Stipes slender, straw-colored, 4'-i2' long, chaffy at 

 least below ; blades thin, at right angles to the stipe, 

 nearly or quite glabrous, 4'-!!' broad, broadly tri- 

 angular, subternate by the enlargement of the basal 

 pinnae, these triangular, very deeply 2-pinnatifid, 

 long-stalked ; second pair of pinnae oblong or deltoid- 

 oblong, sessile and nearly pinnate, or (rarely) stalked 

 and 2-pinnatifid ; upper pinnae gradually adnate, pin- 

 natifid ; segments oblong, blunt, entire to serrate- 

 crenate ; sori near the margin, non-indusiate. 



In moist woods, thickets and swamps, Newfoundland 

 and Labrador to Alaska, south to Virginia, Kansas, 

 Colorado and Oregon. Ascends to 2400 ft. in the 

 Catskills. Also in Greenland, Europe and Asia. Aug. 

 Pale-mountain, or tender three-branched-polypody. 



