BEECH FAMILY. 



Scarlet 



GENUS 3. 



6. Quercus coccinea Wang. 

 Oak. Fig. 1519. 



Q. coccinea Wang. Amer. 44. pi. 4. f. 9. 1787. 



A forest tree, attaining a maximum height 

 of about 160, the trunk diameter some- 

 times 5; inner bark pale reddish or gray; 

 foliage turning scarlet in autumn. Leaves 

 deeply pinnatifid, glabrous, bright green and 

 shining above, paler and sometimes pubes- 

 cent in the axils of the veins beneath, 4'-8' 

 long, rather thin, the lobes oblong or lan- 

 ceolate, divergent or ascending, few-toothed, 

 the teeth and apices bristle-tipped; fruit 

 maturing in the autumn of the second sea- 

 son ; styles slender, recurved-spreading ; cup 

 hemispheric or top-shaped, its bracts trian- 

 gular-lanceolate, appressed or the upper 

 slightly squarrose, mostly glabrous ; acorn 

 ovoid or ovoid-globose, 6"-io" high, about 

 twice as long as the cup. 



In dry soil, Maine and Ontario to Minne- 

 sota, North Carolina and Missouri. Wood 

 hard, strong, light brown or red ; weight 46 IbsJ 

 per cubic foot. May-June. Acorns ripe Sept.- 

 Oct. Black, red or Spanish oak. 



Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak. 



619 



Quercitron. Fig. 1520. 



Quercus velutina Lam. Encycl. i: 721. 1783. 



. tinctoria Bartram, Travels, 37. Name only. 1791. 

 . coccinea var. tinctoria A. Gray, Man. Ed. 5, 454. 1867. 



A large forest tree, similar to Q. coccinea, maxi- 

 mum height about 150, trunk diameter 5 ; outer 

 bark very dark brown, rough in low ridges, the in- 

 ner bright orange. Leaves pinnatifid or lobed to 

 beyond the middle, firm, brown-pubescent or some- 

 times stellate-pubescent when young, when mature 

 glabrous and dark dull green above, pale green and 

 usually pubescent on the veins beneath, the broad 

 oblong or triangular-lanceolate lobes and their teeth 

 bristle-tipped; fruit maturing in the autumn of the 

 second season ; cup hemispheric or top-shaped, |'-i' 

 broad, commonly narrowed into a short stalk, its 

 bracts mostly pubescent, the upper somewhat squar- 

 rose; acorn ovoid, i'-i' high, longer than the cup. 



Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Florida and Texas. 

 Wood reddish-brown ; weight per cubic foot 44 Ibs. 

 May-June. Consists of several races differing in leaf- 

 lobing, amount of pubescence and size of acorns. Dyer's 

 or spotted oak. Yellow-bark oak. 



8. Quercus triloba Michx. Spanish or 

 Water Oak. Fig. 1521. 



Quercus nigra digitata Marsh. Arb. Am. 121. 1785. 

 Quercus triloba Michx. Hist. Chen. Am. pi. 26. 1801. 

 Q. falcata Michx. Hist. Chen. Am. 16. pi. 28. 1801. 

 Quercus digitata Sudw. Card. & For. 5: 99. 1892. 



A tree, with maximum height of about 95, 

 and trunk diameter of 5. Leaves dark green 

 and glabrous above, gray-tomentulose beneath, 

 deeply pinnatifid into 3-7 linear or lanceolate, 

 often falcate, acuminate, entire or dentate lobes ; 

 teeth and apices bristle-tipped; terminal lobes 

 commonly elongated ; styles slender ; fruit ma- 

 turing during the second autumn ; cup saucer- 

 shaped with a turbinate base, s"-7" broad, its 

 bracts ovate, obtuse, appressed ; acorn subglobose 

 or depressed, about twice as high as the cup. 



In dry soil, Long Island ( ?), New Jersey to Florida, 

 Indiana, Missouri and Texas. Wood hard, strong, 

 reddish-brown ; weight per cubic foot 43 Ibs. May- 

 June. Acorns ripe Sept.-Oct. Red or turkey-oak. 



