GENUS i. 



ELM FAMILY 



3. Ulmus alata Michx. Winged Elm. 

 Wahoo. Fig. 1541. 



Ulmus alata Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i : 173. 1803. 



A small tree, sometimes 50 high and with a trunk 

 diameter of 2j ; the branches, or most of them, 

 with corky wing-like ridges. Twigs and buds gla- 

 brous or nearly so ; leaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate 

 or oblong-ovate, acute, doubly serrate, base obtuse, 

 inequilateral and sometimes subcordate, roughish 

 above, pubescent beneath, at least on the veins, i'-3' 

 long, i -ii' wide, the veins ascending, some of them 

 commonly forked ; flowers fascicled ; pedicels fili- 

 form ; calyx-lobes obovate, rounded ; samara oblong, 

 4"-5" long, pubescent on the faces, the margins 

 densely ciliate; styles very slender. 



In dry or moist soil, southern Virginia to Florida, west 

 to southern Illinois, Missouri and Texas. Wood hard, 

 weak, compact ; color brown ; weight per cubic foot 47 

 Ibs. March. Water-, cork- or witch-elm. 



4. Ulmus fulva Michx. Slippery, Red or 

 Moose Elm. Fig. 1542. 



Ulmus pubescent Walt. Fl. Car. in. 1788.? 

 Ulmus fulva Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. i : 172. 1803. 



A tree, with rough gray fragrant bark, maxi- 

 mum height about 70, and trunk diameter 2* ; 

 twigs rough-pubescent ; branches not corky- 

 winged ; bud-scales densely brown-tomentose. 

 Leaves ovate, oval or obovate, very rough with 

 short papillae above, pubescent beneath, sharply 

 doubly serrate, acuminate at the apex, obtuse, 

 inequilateral and commonly cordate at the base, 

 4'-8' long, 2'-2i' wide ; flowers fascicled ; pedi- 

 cels 2"-3" long, spreading, jointed near the base ; 

 calyx-lobes lanceolate, subacute; samara oval- 

 orbicular, 6"-o/' long, pubescent over the seed, 

 otherwise glabrous, the margins not ciliate, retuse. 



In woods, on hills and along streams, Quebec to 

 North Dakota, Florida and Texas. Wood hard, 

 strong, compact, durable ; color dark reddish-brown ; 

 weight per cubic foot 43 Ibs. Foliage and mucilagi- 

 nous inner bark very fragrant in drying. March- 

 April. Indian or sweet elm. Rock-elm. 



5. Ulmus serotina Sargent. Red Elm. 

 Fig. 1543- 



Ulmus serotina Sargent, Bot. Gaz. 27: 92. 1899. 



A tree, reaching a maximum height of about 

 50 with a trunk diameter up to 3, the bark thin, 

 shallowly fissured, light brown, the young twigs 

 smooth or nearly so. Leaves ovate to obovate, 

 acuminate, 2'-^' long, pubescent on the veins 

 beneath, rather coarsely serrate, firm in texture 

 but thin ; flowers in short racemes in the axils 

 of leaves of the season ; calyx-lobes spatulate ; 

 samara oblong to elliptic, stalked, 5"-6" long, 

 fringed with long white hairs. 



Banks and bluffs, Kentucky to Georgia and Ala- 

 bama. Autumn. 



