THE ANTHOZOA 



73 



Blastotrochus, M. Edw. and H. ; Placocyathus, M. Edw. The existence 

 of an epithecate wall, with which is correlated the absence of a perisarc 

 is sufficient to separate the Flabellinae from other Turbinolidae, and 

 the same feature brings them into relationship with the Zaphrentidae. 

 Further researches may lead to the inclusion of several forms now classed 

 as Turbinolinae amongst the Flabellinae. Flabellum variabile and 

 Placotrochus laevis reproduce themselves asexually by a process of strobil- 

 isation, and Blastotrochus nutrix gives rise to lateral deciduous buds 

 (see Semper, 91). SUB-FAMILY 2. TURBINOLINAE. GROUP 1. SIMPLICES. 

 The zooids solitary. Genera Smilotrochus, M. Edw. and H. ; Turbinolia y 

 M. Edw. and H. ; Trochocyathus, M. Edw. and H. ; Caryophyllia, Lamarck ; 

 Stephanotrochus, Moseley. GROUP 2. GEMMANTES. Colonies are formed 

 by gemmation from the bases of the parent zooids. Genera Coenocyathus, 

 M. Edw. (Eecent and Tertiary) ; Gemmulatrochus, Duncan. GROUP 3. 

 KEPTANTES. Buds are formed from a stolon-like expansion of the base 



Flo. XXXV. 



Schematic representation of the calyx 

 of a Zaphrentid seen from below, c, main 

 septum; g, coun ter- septum ; tt, trans- 

 verse septa ; cq, chief quadrant ; gq, 

 counter quadrant. The numbers indicate 

 the order in which the septa are formed. 

 In the chief quadrants the secondary 

 septa radiate from the chief septum, the 

 most recently formed lying nearest to the 

 transverse septa, the oldest nearest to the 

 chief septum. In the counter quadrants, 

 the secondary septa radiate from the 

 transverse septa, and the most recently 

 formed are nearest to the counter septum. 



of the parent zooid. Genera Polycyathus, Duncan ; Agelecyathus y 

 Duncan. FAMILY 3. OCULINIDAE. Aporosa, forming irregular branching 

 colonies. Asexual multiplication by mural budding. The walls of the 

 corallites increase in thickness exogenously, the thickening (coenenchyme) 

 being due to the activity of the calicoblastic layer of the edge-zone. Genera 

 Neohelia, Moseley ; Lophohelia, M. Edw. and H. ; Oculina, M. Edw. and 

 H. ; Stylophora, M. Edw. and H. ; Madracis, M. Edw. and H. FAMILY 4. 

 POCILLOPORIDAE. Colonial Aporosa with tabulae. Two larger septa, 

 axial and abaxial, are present, and traces of ten smaller septa. Genera 

 Pocillopora, Lamarck ; Seriatopora, Lamarck. For an account of these 

 two genera see Moseley (81) and Fowler (25). In Seriatopora subulata 

 there are twelve mesenteries, of which those corresponding to 1, 1 ; 2, 

 2 ; 3, 3 ; 4, 4 in Rhodactis and Manicina (see above, p. 43) are longer 

 than the others, but only 1, 1 bear filaments. FAMILY 5. ASTRAEIDAE. 

 Simple or colonial Aporosa with dissepimental or vesicular endotheca ; 

 with or without tabulae. A solid intercalicular coenenchyme rarely 

 developed. An epitheca surrounds the base of massive and Mieandroid 



