76 THE ANTHOZOA 



to Stutchbury (93), Semper (91), and Bourne (8). GROUP 2. Colonial 

 Fungidae. Genera Halomitra, Dana ; Cryptabacia, M. Edw. and H. ; 

 Herpolitha, Eschholtz. FAMILY 3. CYCLOSERIDAE. Simple or colonial 

 Fungacea, in which the wall is not perforated. Genera Trochoseris, M. 

 Edw. and H. ; Cycloseris, M. Edw. and H. ; Bathyactis, Moseley ; 

 Psammoseris, M. Edw. and H. ; Podoseris, Duncan ; Cyathoseris, M. Edw. 

 and H. (Cretaceous and Eocene) ; Mycedium, Oken ; Leptoseris, M. Edw. 

 and H. ; Stephanaria, Verrill. FAMILY 4. ANABACIADAE. Genus 

 Anabacia, d'Orb. FAMILY 5. PLESIOPORITIDAE. Septa trabeculate and 

 perforate. Genera Leptophyllia, Reuss. (Jurassic and Cretaceous) ; Cyclo- 

 lites, Lamk. (Jurassic and Cretaceous) ; Mceandroseris, Rousseau (Recent). 

 This classification of the Fungacea can hardly be considered satis- 

 factory, and requires revision after an extended study of the anatomy 

 and development of different forms. The characteristic of the group is 

 the presence of synapticula, but this would lead to the inclusion of the 

 genus Stephanophyllia, Mich., which has been shown by Fowler (26) to 

 possess true synapticula. The Fungacea, as above classified, are connected 

 with the Aporosa, on the one hand, through the Plesiofungidae, and 

 with the Perforata, on the other hand, through the Plesioporitidae. But 

 it should not be forgotten that the young Fungia is a typical Aporose 

 coral, and it is probable that the Fungacea will have to be broken up 

 into two groups, which will belong respectively to the Aporosa and the 

 Perforata, the presence of synapticula being a character of insufficient 

 importance to justify the formation of a section Fungacea. 



SECTION 3. PERFORATA. 



Scleractiniae with a corallum composed chiefly or wholly of porous 

 coenenchyma. The coelentera of the zooids composing a colony com- 

 municate by means of coenenchymal canals. 



FAMILY 1. EUPSAMMIDAE. Simple or colonial' Perforata ; septa in 

 several cycles ; the principal cycles imperforate. Genera Stephanophyllia, 

 Michelin ; Leptopenus, Moseley ; Balanophyllia, S. Wood ; Eupsammia, 

 M. Edw. and H. ; Heteropsammia, M. Edw. and H. ; Dendrophyllia, 

 M. Edw. and H. ; Astroides, Blainv. ; Ithodopsammia, Verrill. FAMILY 2. 

 MADREPORIDAE. Colonial Perforata with abundant coenenchyma, scarcely 

 distinct from walls of corallites. Septa often porous and reduced. 

 Genera Madrepora, Linn. ; Turbiiiaria, Oken ; Astraeopora, Blainv. ; 

 Montipora, Quoy and G. ; Anacropora, Ridley. The genus Madrepora 

 is exceedingly rich in species. For an account of the Madreporidae, see 

 Brook (12). FAMILY 3. PORITIDAE. Colonial Perforata with trabeculate 

 septa. Genera Forties, M. Edw. and H. ; Synarcea, Verrill ; Goniopora, 

 Quoy and G. ; Rhodarsea, M. Edw. and H. ; Alveopora, Quoy and Gaim., 

 etc. 



LITERATURE OF THE ANTHOZOA. 



1. Andres, A. Fauna u. Flora des Golfes von Neapel, ix. 1884. (Actinien.) 



2. Beneden, E. van. Arch, de Biol. x. 1890, p. 485. (Larval Zoantheae.) 



3. Ibid. Bull, de 1'Acad. Roy. de Belg. (3), xxi. 1891, p. 179. ( Arachnactis. ) 



