20 



THE ANTHOZOA 



nected by horizontal solenia or by lateral stolons or platforms contain- 

 ing solenia. Skeleton either horny or calcareous ; when calcareous 

 spicular. 



FAMILY 1. CORNULARIIDAE. The zooids are united only by their 

 bases. Genera Cornularia, Lamarck. Without spicules. The stolons are 

 single solenia. The proximal parts of the zooids and stolons protected by 

 a horny sheath. Clavularia, Quoy and Gaim., spicular calcareous skeleton 

 present. Zooids free, borne on a membranous or retiform creeping stolon 

 which includes many anastomosing solenia. [Glavularia viridis, Quoy and 



FIG. VIII. 



Clavularia viridis, Quoy and Gaim., var. 

 Syringoporoides, showing the lateral connect- 

 ing stolons. (After Hickson.) 



Fio. IX. 



Skeleton of a young colony of Tulipora pur- 

 jmrea, growing on a piece of dead coral, st, 

 stolon ; cc, corallites ; pp, platforms. (After 

 Hickson.) 



Gaimard, occurs in two varieties. The one variety has all the characters of 

 the genus, but the second variety, described and figured by Hickson (44 and 

 45), differs from all other members of the genus in that the zooids are 

 connected at varying heights above the basal stolons by tubular con- 

 necting stolons containing solenia, and consequently it bears a close 

 resemblance to Syringopora (comp. Fig. VIII. with Fig. X. 7). The 

 character in question, if of constant occurrence, would warrant the 

 placing of C. viridis in a new genus allied to the Syringoporidae and 

 Tubiporidae. As it is, the character must be regarded as accidental rather 

 than essential, but is of importance as indicating the affinities of the last- 

 named families with the Cornulariidae.] Sarcodictyon, Forbes, like Clavu- 

 laria, but the zooids are wholly retractile within cushion-like thickenings 

 of their bases. Sympodium, Ehrb., the crustaceous stolon is thickened 



