NUTRITIONAL DISTURBANCES IN CHILDREN 337 



ities, later of the face, petechiae and opisthotonos. On post-mortem, 

 edema of the brain membranes, pleural ecchymoses, erosions in the 

 stomach and intestine, and subepithelial hemorrhages were found. 

 In chronic cases, there was fatty degeneration of the liver and kidney 

 epithelium. 



Frank and Stolte (1195) analyzed the organs of children who had 

 died of carbohydrate dystrophy, special attention being given to 

 the liver. This was found to be higher in sodium and chlorine and 

 lower in potassium, while fat, ash, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus 

 and sulphur showed no great deviations from the normal. Steinitz 

 and Weigert (I.e. 1191) noticed, in one case, a high fat content of the 

 organs, and more PaOs. 



Noeggerath (I.e. 1183) and Hohlfeld (1196) recommended the 

 administration of raw milk. Bendix (1197) recommended breast 

 feeding for atrophy. 



OTHER NUTRITIVE DISTURBANCES IN CHILDREN 



In many well known nutritional disorders of infants, the present 

 pediatric literature gives no clear picture of the etiology. Above 

 all, the individual pictures are not sharply differentiated. Morse 

 and Talbot (1198) have remarked upon the chaotic condition in the 

 present conception of atrophy. It is therefore all the more difficult 

 for one unacquainted with this subject to have a definite conception 

 as regards the nature of this condition. Of the nutritional disorders 

 to be treated here, there is exudative diathesis, atrophy (in the sense 

 of the German pediatric literature), marasmus, milk dystrophy, etc. 

 Many of these conditions are now thought to be due to excess of fat. 

 In children practice, cases are known in which every possible dietary 

 composition has been tested, but without result; there are even 

 children (though seldom) who can no longer tolerate a completely 

 normal breast diet. How far this may be due to organic disturb- 

 ances, or to a previous unsuitable diet, is not always certain. In 

 some cases, the deficient diet might have caused such great harm, 

 that the child can no longer be helped, even by the best of diets. 

 Marriott (1198a) differentiated two forms of nutritive disturbances 

 in infants, one form arising after severe diarrhoea and another 

 manifested as chronic malnutrition (marasmus). 



For some of the above mentioned nutritional disturbances, Pehu 

 (1199) introduced, in France, vegetable soups as a therapeutic 



