SCURVY 309 



nourished corpses came to necropsy. The subcutaneous tissue, 

 especially of the extremities, is infiltrated with bloody-serous fluid. 

 Widespread blood extravasations, old and new, are noted. The 

 adductor side of the legs shows more hemorrhages than does the 

 abductor; hemorrhages in the muscles themselves are rare. Hemor- 

 rhages occur also in the periosteum, especially in the tibia, and in 

 younger individuals in the epiphyseal ends of the long bones and 

 at the cartilage ends of the ribs. Bone investigations in adults 

 were made infrequently but it appears that here, too, fractures 

 are noted. Rosary is often observed, as in rickets. Enlargement 

 of the right and left ventricles, with a possible fatty degenera- 

 tion of the heart muscles, was also described. Most of the organs 

 were examined microscopically by Aschoff and Koch. In the bones, 

 osteoporosis and a disappearance of osteoblasts were found; nothing 

 of importance was seen in the endocrine glands. Suprarenals showed 

 only a greater lipoid content. Feigenbaum (1019) found hem- 

 orrhages in the spinal cord; Scherer (I.e. 908) found hemorrhages 

 in the dura and pia as well as rank growth of connective tissue in 

 the liver. 



Ecchymoses occur frequently in the pleura, less often in the peri- 

 toneum, and in severe cases in the lungs. Bloody-serous fluids in 

 the pericardium and pleura less frequently ascites fluids were 

 found by Johnson Smith (1020). 



Barlow's disease 



The pathological findings were described by Frankel (1021), the 

 bones in the infantile form having been frequently investigated. The 

 periosteum is filled with blood and is thickened, but free from small 

 cell infiltration; between the periosteum and the bones widespread 

 hemorrhages are found. At the diaphyseal ends of the long bones, 

 the bone marrow loses its lymphoid character and forms reticular 

 tissue poor in cells and blood vessels which, in stained sections, is 

 characterized by light color, because of "Helles Mark." This 

 degeneration of the bone-marrow is specific for infantile scurvy and 

 prevents normal ossification. The new bone formation is delayed 

 or completely prevented, and the bone tissue present is atrophied, 

 particularly in the ossification zones. In rare cases, hemorrhages 

 are found in the dura, in some joints, in the lungs, spleen and kidneys. 

 As we have already stated in discussing guinea pig scurvy, Hess and 



