CHAPTER VI. 



VARIATIONS IN BRAIN-WEIGHT. 



Cranial capacity in various races Giants and dwarfs Brain- 

 weight in animals Relation of the weight of the brain to the 

 weight of the body Nomenclature of the encephalon Micro- 

 cephalies Weight of microcephalic brains according to sex 

 Argument for the correlation of weight with intelligence 

 Brain-weight and cranial capacity of eminent men Cranial 

 capacity ot murderers Macrocephalic brains Physiological 

 superiority of mean forms Brain-weight in the insane 

 Proportional development Relation of brain-weight to mental 

 disease Pathological changes affecting brain-weight in the 

 insane Resume. 



HAVING presented some of the observations relating to 

 the normal size of the brain and the history of the steps 

 by which that size is attained, we naturally turn to the 

 study of the extreme variations in size, because difference 

 in size has been made the basis of many current views. 

 The measurements of the capacity of skulls have shown 

 that the different races of men differ widely with regard 

 to the probable size and weight of their brains ; and that 

 in general those races which are inferior both in stature 

 and in body-weight, have, at the same time, a small 

 cranial capacity. While the heaviest brain-weights 

 belong to the European races and the lightest to the 

 Australians, thus giving a moderately wide difference 

 in the weight of the brain corresponding to a wide 

 difference in culture, yet it is quite impossible even in 



119 



