450 BANID^E. 



much developed membranaceous fringe along the fifth toe ; sub- 

 articular tubercles moderate ; inner metatarsal tubercle very 

 variable, small and blunt, or (var. ceylanica, Ceylon and S. India) 

 nearly as long as the inner toe, strongly compressed, crescentic, 

 shovel-shaped ; no outer tubercle ; a tarsal fold. Tibio-tarsal 

 articulation reaching the ear, the eye, or a little beyond. Skin of 

 back with longitudinal folds ; a strong fold above the tympanum. 

 Green or olive above, with dark spots ; often a light vertebral line. 

 Male with two subgular vocal sacs, conspicuous externally by 

 folds of the skin on the sides of the throat ; these regions generally 

 blackish. 



From snout to vent 6'5 inches. 



Hob. All over India and Ceylon to the Indus and the base of 

 the Himalayas, and from China to the Malay Peninsula and 

 Archipelago. 



The largest Indian Frog. It is essentially aquatic, and is said, 

 when frightened, to jump over the surface of the water much in 

 the same way as on land *. 



17. Rana limnocharis. 



Rana limnocharis, Wiegm. N. Ada Ac. Leop.-Carol. xvii, 1835, 



p. 255. 

 Rana gracilis (non Gravh.), Wiegm. 1. c. p. 257; Giinth. Rept. S. I. 



p. 409 ; Bouleng. Cat. Batr. Sal. p. 28. 

 ? Rana assimilis, Blyth, J. A. S. B. xxi, 1852, p. 355. 

 Raaa agricola and R. nilagirica, Jerdon, J. A. S. B. xxii, 1853, 



p. 532. 

 Rana gracilis, vars. andamanensis, nicobariensis, pulla, Stoliczka, J. 



A. 8. B. xxxix, 1870, p. 142. 

 Rana brevipalmata, Peters, MB. Ak. Berl. 1871, p. 646. 



Very closely allied to R. tigrina, from which it differs in its 

 smaller size, half-webbed toes, slight development of the fringe on 

 the fifth toe, and usually in the presence of a small outer metatarsal 

 tubercle. The length and shape of the snout, the size of the inner 

 metatarsal tubercle, and the relative length of the hind limbs and of 

 the fourth toe vary to an extraordinary degree. The tibio-tarsal 

 articulation usually reaches the eye, or between the latter and the 

 end of the snout ; but in some specimens (var. brevipalmata, from 

 Pegu and S. India) it reaches considerably beyond the end of the 

 snout, and the foot measures two thirds the distance between the 

 end of the snout and the vent. Greenish or olive, with darker 

 spots ; a light vertebral line or band frequently present ; sometimes 

 a light line along the inner side of the leg ; sides of thighs 

 black-marbled ; throat of male usually with two large black 

 blotches, sometimes connected and forming a M. 



From snout to vent 2-5 inches. 



* The species that is so well known by this habit in India has never been 

 accurately determined. It is, however, a smaller species than R. tigrina and is 

 I think, R. cyanophlyctis. Probably B. hcxadactyla has the same habit. W. T. B 



