166 PHYSIOLOGY 



by the reaction of an intestinal strip to the extracts, has been 

 tested by Uno ('22). The extracts of the test thyroid and the 

 test suprarenals were not modified. The extract of the test hypo- 

 physis however caused a contraction of the strip, the response 

 characteristic for the glandular portion of the hypophysis, while 

 that from the control glands caused a relaxation. 



After starvation for 10-12 days the thyroid is greatly increased 

 in weight behaving under these conditions like the adrenal; 

 Vincent and Hollenberg, ; 20. 



15. Feeding endocrine glands. 



(a) General. See References. 



(6) Hypophysis. See References. 



(c) Thyroid. As the result of feeding small quantities of fresh 

 sheep thyroid to rats, Cramer and Krause ('13) found a unique 

 condition of the carbohydrate metabolism. 



Owing to the inhibition of the glycogenic function, the liver 

 contains only traces of glycogen. There is no glycosuria and the 

 tolerance for glucose is only slightly diminished. The action 

 of the thyroid on protein metabolism is effected partly through 

 its action on carbohydrate metabolism, for the distribution 

 of the nitrogen constituents of the urine is very similar to that 

 observed after withdrawal of carbohydrates from the diet. 



As the results of feeding thyroid preparations to young rats, 

 Cameron ('23) reports that the principal organs, heart, liver, 

 kidneys, adrenals, spleen, lymph glands and pancreas, hyper- 

 trophy; fat disappears. The animals' thyroid ceases to grow. 

 Muscle does not develop at the usual rate. The growth rate 

 diminishes. Cessation of the feeding of the thyroid is followed 

 by a return to the normal. 



(d) Suprarenals. See References. 



PHYSIOLOGY: REFEKENCES 



Rat compared with man. Bischoff, 1863. 

 Equivalent ages. Donaldson, '06, '08, '10, '18. Hatai, '17. 

 Technique. Hammett, '21 i, '22. Osborne and Mendel, '12 d. Woithe, '07. 

 Muscles and nerves. Dubois, 1898. Engelmann, 1877. Hammett, '21 a, 

 '21 b, '22. Hatai and Hammett, '20. Lee, '10. 



