266 



ORTHOPTERA 



trochantero-femoral articulation, the parts remaining outside of 

 this joint are dropped before the next moult, and are afterwards 

 renewed either as a straight short stump in which the articula- 

 tions are already observable, or as a 

 miniature leg, the femur of which is 

 straight and the tibia and tarsus 

 curved into a nearly complete circle ; 

 in the former case, the leg assumes at 

 the next moult the appearance that 

 it has in the second case ; this latter 

 form is always changed at the succeed- 

 ing moult into a leg resembling the 

 normal limb in every respect except- 

 ing size, and the absence of the fourth 

 tarsal joint (Fig. 153). If the leg 

 be removed nearer to the body than 

 the trochantero-femoral articulation 

 the limb is not replaced. 



The sexes are frequently ex- 

 tremely different; the female is usually 

 very much larger than the male. 

 This latter sex often possesses win us 

 when they are quite wanting in the 

 other sex ; the resemblance to por- 

 tions of plants is often very much 

 greater in the female than it is in 

 the male. 



We have pointed out that the 

 tegmina or upper wings are usually 

 of small size or absent (Fig. 150, 

 Aschipasma catadromus), even in the 

 species where the lower wings are 

 very largely developed ; in such cases 

 the latter organs are folded in a 



FIG. ]53. Ci/phocrania aestuans : -.. , -, f ., , 



individual in which the right complicated, fan-like manner, and 



front leg has been renewed. re pose On the back, looking as if 

 Senegal. (After Westwood.) . ,-.,. 



they were really the tegmina (-rig. 



159, Calvisia atrosignata) ; this appearance, moreover, is in some 

 species enhanced much by the fact that the part of the wing 

 which is outermost in the folded state is quite differently 



