THE FOOD AND GAME FISHES OF NEW YORK. 367 



The Chub Mackerel is found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, north to Eng- 

 land and Maine and to San Francisco ; very common in the Mediterranean and in 

 Southern California; sometimes abundant on our eastern coast and frequently 

 absent for long periods. It reaches the length of 14 inches, and is an important 

 food fish. 



July 25, 1887, the schooner Peter Cooper caught 6,000 Thimble-eye Mackerel off 

 Manasquan, N. J. About 50,000 Mackerel were taken by the Menhaden steamer 

 A. Morris near Ocean City, July 19, 1887. Some of these were preserved in brine 

 by W. B. Steelman, and I found them to be S. colias. 



The Thimble-eyes usually arrive in August. In 1886 they were often caught. 

 This species was not found in large numbers in Gravesend Bay in 1897, but in 1896 

 it abounded in all the little creeks, and in some instances the fish could be dipped 

 up by boat loads with scoop nets. The fish reached 10 inches in length before 

 the end of the summer. 



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CHUB MACKEREL. 



84. Tunny; Horse Mackerel (TJninnus thynnus Linnaeus). 



Thynnus nt/garis DEK.AY, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 105, pi. 10, fig. 28, 1842, after STOKER. 

 Orcynus thynnus JORDAN &r GILBERT, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus., 429, 1883. 

 Thunmis thynnus JORDAN & EVERMANN, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus., I, 870, 1896. 



Color dark blue above ; grayish below with silvery spots ; pupil black, iris golden 

 with greenish reflections ; rays of spinous dorsal dusky, the connecting membrane 

 nearly black, second dorsal reddish brown ; pectorals silver gray ; ventrals black 

 above, white beneath ; dorsal and anal finlets bright yellow, dark at base and on 

 anterior edge ; gill covers silvery gray. 



The Tunny is the largest fish of the Mackerel family, reaching a length of 10 

 feet or more. It is pelagic, but comes to all warm coasts, northward to England, 

 Newfoundland, San Francisco, and Japan. In our waters it appears usually in 

 summer and is often taken in rather large numbers off Block Island, and on Cape 



