GENETIC TYPE AND THE ENDOCRINES 31 



monstrosity could occur in different stocks in various coun- 

 tries. 



The dog represented on the most ancient Egyptian monu- 

 ments is a greyhound-like animal and resembles very closely 

 the present day Saluki of Northern Africa. The ancient 

 monumental type had long, erect, pointed ears instead of the 

 hanging ears of the Saluki, and is represented with a some- 

 what shorter, curled tail. Mr. E. V. Harcourt, an English 

 sportsman of 50 years ago, stated that the Arab boar-hound 

 of that time was "an eccentric hieroglyphic animal, such as 

 Cheops once hunted with, somewhat resembling the rough 

 Scotch deer-hound ; their tails are curled tight round on their 

 backs, and their ears stick out at right angles." (From Dar- 

 win, p. 18, v. 1.) 



There is this graphic evidence that at periods four and 

 five thousand years ago various breeds, such as pariah dogs, 

 greyhounds, common hounds, mastiffs, house dogs, lap dogs, 

 and turnspits existed, and that they more or less resembled 

 some of our present breeds. 



The bones of canine animals from much earlier times have 

 been found in the Danish Middens of the Neolithic period 

 and these ancient dogs were succeeded in Denmark during 

 the Bronze period by a large kind which was in turn replaced 

 during the Iron age by a still larger animal. Remains of 

 dogs found in Switzerland indicate that closely similar animals 

 lived there during the same periods. The succession of the 

 different kinds of dogs in Switzerland and Denmark is thought 

 to be due to the immigration of conquering tribes who brought 

 their dogs with them; this view is in agreement with the 

 belief that different wild canine animals had been domesti- 

 cated in different regions. 



There is no a priori difficulty in the belief that several 

 canine species have been domesticated. Members of the dog 

 family were aboriginal in almost all parts of the world; and 

 several species agree rather closely in structure and habits 

 with the several domesticated dogs. It would have been, as 



