134 CHARLES R. STOCKARD 



abducted away from the normal straight line. The character- 

 istics transmitted to these front leg skeletons from the dachs- 

 hund are the same in every detail as those inherited from 

 the bassethound in the several crosses with this breed. 



The last group of litter mate skeletons (fig. 3) shows three 

 intermediate and one pure short leg skeleton from the F 2 

 dachshund-Boston terrier hybrids. The extreme modification 

 in the homozygous short leg at the right is clearly ap- 

 preciated by comparison with the three intermediates. The 

 scapula is wider and shorter with a sharper anterior angle 

 than in the other three, and the humerus is more shortened 

 and more fully twisted, and the radius and ulna much shorter 

 and more strongly bent. The distal end of the ulna in this 

 completely achondroplasic specimen falls completely short 

 of the end of the radius, allowing free rotation and wide 

 abduction of the foot at the wrist joint. 



A comparison of the dachshund-Boston terrier leg skeletons 

 in plate 32 with the bassethound-shepherd, bassethound-Saluki 

 and bassethound-bulldog hybrid skeletons shown in plates 24, 

 25 and 27, respectively, will convince the observer that the 

 achondroplasic growth reaction developed in the bassethound 

 and dachshund is transmitted and expressed in their hybrid 

 descendants in the same manner, even to minute details. 



DACHSHUND-FRENCH BULLDOG CROSS FOR EXTREMITY TYPES 



The French bulldog is a dwarf of terrier type resembling in 

 many ways the Boston terrier, although it is somewhat larger 

 and heavier in stature. In the formation of its head and tail the 

 French bulldog is a more pronounced bull type than is the 

 Boston terrier and its legs, as in all bulldog breeds, are 

 straight and of normal length with no symptoms of achon- 

 droplasia. 



Crosses between the dachshund and the French bulldog 

 gave exactly the same results for growth distortion of the 

 extremities as has been described for the dachshund-Boston 

 terrier hybrids. These hybrids were produced more for a 



