GENETIC TYPE AND THE ENDOCRINES 299 



The indices for various skull proportions and the relative 

 dimensions of several skull parts in the bassethound-bulldog 

 cross are tabulated in table 4. The average numerical values 

 of features based on three pure bassethound skulls and nine 

 English bulldog skulls are given in the first two columns of 

 the table. 



The bulldog cranial index is only slightly higher than the 

 bassethound, while the total skull index, palatal index and 

 snout index are enormously high. The width-length relations 

 on which the latter three indices are calculated have in each 

 case a dimension in width that is somewhat greater than the 

 length of the part involved, and for the palatal and snout 

 indices the width is much greater. The same indices in the 

 bassethound skull are low, being only about half the value 

 of those for the bulldog. The three indices in the bassethound 

 are also much more nearly of uniform value. 



The upper facial index for these skulls is calculated in a 

 reverse manner of length- width relation ; therefore^ it is very 

 high in the bassethound, since the nasal length in this skull 

 is much greater than the palatal width. The value of this 

 index is less than half as great for the bulldog skull as for 

 the bassethound skull, the bulldog nasal length being con- 

 siderably shorter than the palatal width. This reverse facial 

 index, along with the three previous indices, is very useful 

 for detecting the slight degrees of bulldog tendency in con- 

 trast with the normal. The breadth to height index of the 

 total skull is higher for the bulldog than for the bassethound, 

 and the mandibular index is still higher ; these also add their 

 evidence for differentiating such skulls. 



The sum of the anteroposterior dimensions of the four 

 maxillary premolar teeth in the bassethound equals about 

 88 per cent of the length of the maxillary premolar region, 

 while the total of the same tooth dimensions in the bulldog is 

 almost 122 per cent of its maxillary premolar region. This 

 means, of course, that in the jaws of the bulldog these teeth are 

 crowded and twisted into crosswise position, as is clearly 



