422 CHARLES R. STOCKARD AND E. M. VICARI 



dog breeds that has appeared since our study began is an 

 article from the Veterinary Institute of Bonn by Martin Frey 

 in 1934. The material on which this study was based was 

 collected from dogs killed at the station for animal disposal 

 in Cologne; their history and age were hear-say, and the 

 material is open to criticism on the grounds that the his- 

 tologic conditions of many of the glands were modified by 

 disease, and all the tissues were fixed simply with 5% formalin. 

 The report gives histologic details of glands from only two 

 breeds, the hound and dachshund ; other breeds are tabulated. 

 The dachshund is represented as possessing a thyroid show- 

 ing desquamation and destruction of follicular epithelium with 

 little colloid present, and a pituitary in which the pars distalis 

 could be said to show acidophilic adenoma but for the fact, 

 as he states, that forty-nine specimens gave identical pictures, 

 showing this to be normal for the dachshund. On the basis 

 of our experience with healthy tissues, these findings are 

 entirely unreliable and incorrect, as the records beyond will 

 show. According to Frey's second table, the thyroids of the 

 dachshund and bulldog have the same histologic pattern; 

 this is entirely incorrect. His brief discussion of types is 

 based on a comparison of dwarf with full sized animals and 

 shows no appreciation whatever of extreme differences in 

 head shapes. His findings are generally out of accord with 

 this report, and I regret that they fail to supply material 

 for comparisons and need only be referred to in this brief 

 way. 



Histologic techniques employed. All glands and sample 

 pieces of other organs used in this histologic study were 

 fixed immediately after the animals were killed or at the 

 time of autopsy. Several fixing fluids were used, and the same 

 procedure was followed for all individuals in order to have 

 the effects of technique comparable. The right thyroid gland 

 was fixed in Bouin's fluid, and pieces of the left were fixed 

 in Helly's, Zenker's or Susa's fluids, with usually one piece 

 fixed in chloral hydrate for silver nitrate impregnation, a 



