552 W. T. JAMES 



while many parts of the performance did not appear as 

 observable reactions. The processes here are no different 

 from those found in the other animals of group A; the dif- 

 ference is one of degree. This is a case in which the condi- 

 tioned salivary reaction was not an observable factor in the 

 adjustment. The end product, complete inaction, is the same, 

 however, as in the others of group A. 



It should be emphasized that the dogs of this group were 

 not frightened into inactivity by the laboratory procedure. 

 They entered the room without hesitation and took their 

 places on the platform even after the response had disap- 

 peared. The behavior of these dogs would seem to approxi- 

 mate progressive relaxation in human experience. 



In order to show that this was dependent partly on the 

 absence of stimulation and partly on habituation of per- 

 formance, some of these animals were trained in a salivary 

 situation set up outdoors where they could hear other dogs, 

 the sounds of passing automobiles, and the noises around 

 the experimental station. The animals remained alert, and 

 oriented to the pan when the signals were applied. In every 

 case the conditioned salivary response returned. In this 

 situation the organism was kept in a more excitable state 

 because of the larger number of excitatory channels. This 

 increased nervous excitation led to a heightened activity 

 of all bodily processes, and, consequently, parts of the per- 

 formance which were inhibited in the quiet room became 

 active. The condition of the organism as affected by the 

 environment is highly significant in interpreting the behavior 

 of all animals. 



As will be emphasized later, the dogs also perform in an 

 inactive and inhibited manner when the motor reflexes are 

 used as a basis for the behavioral classification. The quiet 

 environment of the experimental situation, and the reduced 

 stimulation are conducive to inaction, no matter which per- 

 formance is studied. 



Summary. The dogs of group A are easy to handle and 

 train. Full cooperation is given, and little resistance is of- 



