562 



W. T. JAMES 



a clicking 1 signal, the odor of vanilla, tactile stimulation on 

 the right shoulder, a buzzer, and a bell. Motor reactions were 

 formed to the clicker, verbal stimulus, and a whistle. Negative 

 salivary reactions were formed to a clicking signal of sixty 

 vibrations per minute and a second tactile signal on the 

 right hip. The total behavioral study included 957 stimula- 

 tions. The salivary reaction to the clicker signals and the 

 motor reactions to the whistle and clicker signals were the 

 only ones studied extensively. The mere fact that the animal 

 could form the salivary and motor reaction to so many signals 

 is significant when contrasted with the animals of group A, 

 who become completely inactive, and with those of group B, 



TABLE 6 

 Dog 251 J 



SIGNAL DURATION LATENT 



TIME NO. AND NATURE OF SIGNAL PERIOD 



3:00 92 clicker 120 10 sec. .. 



3:04 93 clicker 30 sec. 6" 



3:09 142 whistle (motor 10 sec. 2" 



response) 



3:11 94 clicker 120 30 sec. 6" 



3:15 15 clicker 50 (-) 30 sec. 5" 



3 : 16 16 clicker 30 sec. . . 



3:18 95 clicker 120 5 sec. .. 



3:20 96 clicker 120 5 sec. .. 



30 (100 cc saliva) 

 Eaises leg to avoid shock 



12 



2 















who are greatly disturbed by a complicated patterning of 

 the stimuli, especially if negatives are involved or if the 

 motor reaction is employed. Animal 251 $ could give both the 

 motor reactions and the salivary reactions in one experi- 

 mental period, a task which is extremely difficult for most 

 dogs. A typical record obtained during this period, dated 

 October 2, 1933, is shown in table 6. 



It is observed in this table that there was a vigorous con- 

 ditioned salivary response on the second presentation of the 

 signal. Immediately following this, the dog made an avoiding 

 response of the right foreleg to the whistle, and 2 minutes 

 after this signal the dog again gave a conditioned salivary 

 reaction to the clicker. Another outstanding characteristic 



