MAMMALIA. 141 



wide and bulging ; seven true and seven false ribs. Sternum of seven 

 pieces. 



The glandular accessories to the mouth are numerous. In addition to the 

 salivary glands, which are relatively larger than in any other rodent, other 

 follicles, varying from fifty to sixty in number, pour a slimy, mucoid secre- 

 tion into the mouth. A spongy mass of follicular glands occupies a portion 

 of the mucous membrane along the lesser curvature of the stomach. Caecum 

 large ; anus distinct from the opening for genital apparatus, both, how- 

 ever, lie within a common cutaneous depression. 



The castoreum sacs are found in both sexes. In the male they lie near the 

 pubis, are oval, flattened, of a light color like parchment, and communicate 

 freely with one another by their transverse portion. (Ely.) Each measures 

 from 2"-4" in length, and placed alongside the elongated prepuce, into which 

 it empties by a distinct opening. The walls of the gland are composed of an 

 external fibrous coat, a muscular and vascular coat, with an internal mucous 

 lining, the whole being bound together by fibrous processes extending in- 

 ward. The mucous membrane is thrown into folds, and furnished with nu- 

 merous scale-like processes, beneath which, in relation with the epithelium, 

 the castoreum is secreted. Opening into the depression about the anus are 

 the openings of several pairs of anal glands, one of which is generally par- 

 tite or larger than the others. (Brandt and Ratzeburg.) They elaborate a 

 fatty secretion with no properties of castoreum. The glans penis is flattened. 

 It contains a bone equal to its length, and largest at its base. The racemose 

 glands appended to urethra are analogous to Cowper's glands. In the 

 female the sacs are similarly situated to those of the male, but open upon 

 either side of the entrance of vagina. (Ely.) The anal glands closely resem- 

 ble those of the male. 



Measurements. From nose to root of tail, 23"; tail, 10"; from heel to 

 end of middle claw, 5" 6'"; breadth of tail, 3" 3'"; thickness of tail, 10'"; 

 average weight, 11^ fos. (Aud. and Bachman.) 



Habitat. North America from Upper British America to Mexico; and 

 Northern Europe. 



HYRAX (Daman, Cony). Order Perissodactyla. Family Lamnungia. 



Characters. Body hairy, bristles on face around nostrils and above orbit- 

 long setae scattered among shorter hairs of body. Tubercle in place of tail. 

 Dental formula: m. 43; prem. 3 3; c. 00; in. 1 2; in. 1 2; c. 

 0; prem. 3 3; m.4 3=16 16. A single small false molar each side, 

 deciduous. Crown of upper molars with two eminences joined by a crest to 

 the outer margin ; crown of lower molars with two lunate lines, convex out- 

 wards. In many animals two very small canines. 



H. capensis Head small, muzzle short, thick. Form heavy, short, and 

 low on feet. Ears short, round, and bordered by fine hairs. Neck short, 

 and wider than long, on the upper lip, beneath eyebrows and throat, are a 

 number of long hairs. Palms of feet naked and covered with soft skin. 



