1 00 RE GENERA TION 



appendages are used to carry the eggs, and are, therefore, of use. 

 They also have a similar power of regeneration. The maxillae and 

 maxillipeds of the hermit-crab have likewise the power of regenera- 

 tion, as have also the two pairs of antennas and the eyes. 



In other decapod Crustacea also it has been shown that the power 

 of regeneration of the appendages is well developed. It has been 

 long known that the crayfish and the lobster can regenerate lost 

 parts. The first pair of legs, or chelae, in these forms has a breaking- 

 joint, at which the leg can be thrown off, yet in the crayfish I have 

 seen that if the leg is cut off inside of the breaking-joint it will regen- 

 erate. The four pairs of walking legs do not possess a breaking-joint, 

 but may be thrown off in some cases at a corresponding level. They 

 regenerate from this level, as well as nearer the body and farther be- 

 yond this region. Przibram has recently shown that, in a number of 

 Crustacea, regeneration of the appendages takes place, even when the 

 entire leg is extirpated as completely as possible. 



Newport has shown that the myriapods can regenerate their legs, 

 and it is known that several forms have the power of breaking off 

 their legs in a definite region at the base if the legs are injured, and 

 I have observed in Cermatia forceps that this takes place even when 

 the animal is thrown into a killing fluid. Newport ('44) has also 

 shown that when the legs of a caterpillar are cut off new ones regen- 

 erate during the pupa stage. It has been long known 1 that the legs 

 of mantis can regenerate, and Bordage, who has recently examined 

 the question more fully, has shown that a breaking-joint is present at 

 the base of the leg. The tarsus of the cockroach also regenerates, 

 producing only four, instead of the five, characteristic segments. 2 



A number of writers have recorded the regeneration of the legs of 

 spiders. 3 Schultz, who has recently examined more thoroughly the 

 regeneration of the legs in some spiders, finds that the leg is renewed 

 if cut off at any level. He removed the leg most often at the meta- 

 tarsus, but also at the tibia, and generally between two joints. In 

 some cases the leg was cut off at the coxa, at which level it is gen- 

 erally found to be lost under natural conditions. Wagner observed 

 in tarantula that when the leg. is removed at any other place than at 

 the coxa, the animal brings the wounded leg to its jaws, and bites it 

 off down to the coxa. In the Epcitida, that Schultz chiefly made use 

 of, this never happened. He observed, however, even in these forms, 

 that when the leg is cut off at the coxa it regenerates better than 



1 See Newport and Scudder. 



2 Brindley, '97. 



8 Lepelletur, Nouveatt Bulletin de la Sociele philomatique, 1813, Tome III, page 254 ; 

 Heineken, Zool, Journal, 1828, Vol. IV, page 284 (also for insects, ibid., page 294) ; 

 Miiller, Afanual de Physiol., Tome I, page 30 ; Wagner, W., Bull. Soc. Imp. Natural., 

 Moscow, '87. 



