1 68 ANURA CHAP. 



l>. Not Australian. 



1. Omosternum narrow and cartilaginous. Metasternuni with a 

 bony style ending in a cartilaginous disc. Fingers and toes 



slightly .swollen. Neotropical : . Engystomops, p. 168. 



2. Omosternum absent. Metasternum cartilaginous. 



a. Fingers and toes webbed ; terminal phalanges T-shaped 

 and with adhesive broadened tips. Africa and India : 



Nectophryne, p. 169. 



(3. Fingers free, toes webbed ; terminal phalanges simple, 

 not dilated. Tympanum distinct. Java : Nectes, p. 169. 



3. Metasternum cartilaginous, sometimes ossified along the middle. 



Fingers free ; toes more or less webbed ; tips simple or dilated 



into very small discs : Bufo, p. 169. 



B. Pupil a vertical slit. The epicoracoid cartilages are narrow and scarcely 



overlap. Omosternum absent except in Cophophryne. Vomerine teeth 



absent. Sacral diapophyses strongly dilated. The terminal phalanges 



are simple and the tips are pointed. 



a. Australian. Tympanum distinct. The metasternum is calcified 



along the middle : . . . . . Myobatrachus, p. 184. 



b. Mexican. Tympanum absent. Metasternuni rudimentary : 



Rhinophrynus, p. 185. 



c. Himalayan. Tympanum absent. Metasternum with a slender bony 



style :..... Cophophryne sikkimensis. 



Engystomops is interesting because it closely resembles the 

 Cystignathoid genus Paludicola, and thereby seems to connect 

 these two families. It differs from Paludicola chiefly by the 

 absence of teeth, by the moderately dilated sacral diapophyses 

 and by the slightly swollen tips of the fingers and toes, the end- 

 phalanges of which are, in one species, E. petersi, T- or anchor- 

 shaped. The tympanic disc is either distinct or hidden. The 

 males have a large subgular. vocal sac. The generic name refers 

 to the small head with a prominent snout. Three species are 

 known from Central America and Ecuador. 



Pseudophryne appears to be another link with the Cysti- 

 gnathidae by its resemblance to the Australian genus Crinia, from 

 which it differs by the absence of teeth and by the absence 

 of an omosternum. The sacral diapophyses are but moderately 

 dilated. The males have a flat oval gland on the hinder side of 

 the thighs, and they are provided with a subgular vocal sac. 

 The 3 or 4 species of this genus which live in Australia, both 

 East and West, are not unlike Bombinator in their general shape, 

 short limbs and coloration. The skin of P. australis and P. 

 bibroni is covered with small smooth warts and is blackish 

 brown, while the under parts are blackish with large yellow 



