34 CHARLES F. W. McCLURE AND GEORGE S. HUNTINGTON 



Blasius (1674), Petsche (1736), Wilde (1750), Timmermami 

 (1750), Lobstein (1760), Meckel (1773), Pohl (1773), and 

 Morgagni (1779). In more recent times it has been described 

 or figured as occurring in adult man by: Alten ('13), Anton- 

 elli ('82), Augier ('09), Barkow ('66), Brin ('97), Broca 

 ( '52), Carriere ( '14), Cousin ( '98), Cruveilhier ( '35), Farmer 

 ('97), Fawcett ('98), Flesch ('76), Gerard ('03, '06, and '14), 

 Gerlach ('85), Givens ('12), Gorron ('00), Gruber ('80 and 

 '81), Halm ('96), Huber, cited by Serres ('60), Johnston 

 ('13), Kadyi ('81), Kollmann ('93), Lagneau ('53), Lauber 

 ('01), Looney ('22), Le Gendre ('60), Leudet ('53), Lobstein 

 ('30), Lucas ('16), Martin ('52), Meckel ('22), Nicolai ('86), 

 Oberndorfer ('03), Osier ('78), Otto ('24), Pangratz ('94), 

 Parsons ('96), Patten ('09), Eoth, cited by Serres ('60), 

 Quain ('44), Eischbieth ('14), Serres ('60), Shepherd ('90), 

 Soemmerring (1800), Stark ('34), Stieda ('93), Tichomirow 

 ('93 and '98), Wallin ('20), Walsham ('81), Walter ('84), 

 Watt ('20), Waterston ('13), Wilbrand ('42), Zaaijer ('73), 

 Zagorsky ('22), Zander ('92), Zander and Stieda ('92), Zim- 

 mermann, cited by Serres, and Zumstein ('95). Although 

 from an historical standpoint the above list is in no sense 

 complete, nevertheless it indicates the relative frequency with 

 which this variant (Type BC) has been observed in adult 

 man. 



Variant conditions of the vena cava inferior in which the 

 posterior cardinal veins are concerned are exceedingly rare 

 in adult man (Types A, AB, ABC, ABD, AC, ACD, AD, 

 BCD, BD, CD, andD, fig. 1). See table on page 48. McClure 

 and Butler ('25) have explained why this is the case, on 

 the supposition that, since the posterior cardinal veins lose 

 their identity and disappear early in ontogeny, their chance 

 of being carried into the adult stage is correspondingly slight. 

 Be this as it may, this view coincides exactly with the condi- 

 tions found in adult man, in which variant forms of the vena 

 cava, as thus far observed, consist principally of cases in 

 which only the supracardinals are involved (B and C, fig. 1). 



