OSTEOLOGY OF CAULARCHUS M.ENDRICUS (GIRARD). 303 



present; the neuropophyses and hsemopophyses ending each in 

 two spines between which the interspincus elements fit. 



SYNOPSIS OF CHARACTERS OF THE FAMILY GOBIESOCID.K. 



Body broad and depressed in front, covered with smooth naked 

 skin. Premaxillaries protractile. Strong teeth on dentary and 

 premaxillary ; none on vomer or palatines ; pseudobranchiae 

 small or wanting. Gill fringes on two and a half or three arches. 

 Occipital condyle partly formed by exoccipitals, which present 

 articulating surfaces entirely lateral to that of the basioccipital. 

 No supraoccipital crest present. Parietals separate or meeting 

 over the surface of the supraoccipital. Myodome absent. No 

 basisphenoid, alisphenoid, opisthotic, mesopterygoid or meta- 

 pterygoid. Pterygoid reduced. Palatine connected to pterygoid 

 only by a ligament. Preopercle developed backwards in a long 

 triangular process, interposed between, and widely separating the 

 interopercle from the subopercle. No suborbital ring. Basi- 

 branchials absent. Fourth ceratobranchial much lengthened. 

 Superior pharyngeals one on each side. Hypohyal single on 

 each side. Six branchiostegal rays. Posttemporal a single ray 

 of bone without a lower limb. Supraclavicle attached just above 

 middle of clavicle. Hypercoracoid foramen through middle of 

 hypercoracoid. Actinosts hour-glass-shaped ; two attached to 

 each coracoid element. Postclavicle in two parts ; the inferior 

 part supporting the posterior edge of the ventral disk. Spinous 

 dorsal absent. Ventrals each with a concealed spine and four 

 unbranched rays. No airbladder. Parapophyses developed 

 only posteriorly. Zygopophyses produced laterally. A ray of 

 bone attached to each rib extending down around abdominal 

 cavity. 



STANFORD UNIVERSITY, CAL. 



