Vol. XXXI. December, 1916. No. 6 



BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN 



EFFECTS OF ACUTE ALCOHOLIZATION ON THE 

 GERM CELLS OF FUNDULUS HETEROCLITUS. 



WILSON GEE. 

 EMORY UNIVERSITY, OXFORD, GEORGIA. 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 



I. Introduction 379 



II. Material and Methods 381 



III. Treatment of Female Germ Cells 382 



1. Prior to Fertilization 382 



(a) Condition of Egg at this Period 382 



(b) Effects of Delayed Fertilization on Control- Eggs 383 



(c) Effects of Treatment on Viability of Eggs 383 



(d ) Effects of Treatment on Cleavage 384 



(e) Effects on Percentage Developing Sub-normally 384 



2. Immediately after Fertilization 386 



(a) Condition of Egg at this Period 386 



(b) Effects of Higher Concentrations of Alcohol on Development. 388 



3. One Hour after Fertilization and Later 389 



4. Effects of Dilute Sodium Hydroxide 390 



5. Types of Defects 391 



IV. Treatment of Male Germ Cells 393 



1. Resistance of the Sperm of Fundulus to Various Solutions 393 



2. Experiments on Treatment of Spermatozoa 396 



(a) Effects of Twenty Per cent. Solution of Alcohol in Distilled 



water 397 



(&) Effects of Fifteen Per Cent. Alcohol in Sea Water 399 



(c} Comparative Effects of Treatments of Different Lengths 400 



(d) Selective Action with Treatment of Ten Per Cent. Alcohol ... 401 



(e) Effects of Methylene Blue Solution on Eggs Prior to Fertiliza- 



tion 402 



V. Discussion 403 



VI. Summary 404 



INTRODUCTION. 



This paper presents a study of the effects of short length 

 treatments of the germ cells of Fundulus heteroditus with various 



379 



